摘要:本文提出了可供车辆与刚性、柔性两类限高架碰撞简化计算的三自由度质量–弹簧模型，并从撞击力、位移等方面对比简化模型与两类限高架有限元模型的计算结果。结果表明：柔性限高架撞击过程中的撞击力、累积撞击冲量、撞击力峰值、车辆位移、限高架横梁与立柱位移的计算较为准确，刚性限高架撞击过程中的动力响应计算误差相对更大，但在可接受范围内，说明质量–弹簧模型对于车辆与限高架碰撞问题有较高适用性和准确性。

Abstract:This paper presents a three degree of freedom mass-spring model for simplified calculation of vehicle impact with rigid and flexible height restriction barriers, and compares the calculation results of the simplified model with the finite element models of the two types of height restriction barriers in terms of impact force, displacement, and other aspects. The results show that the calculation of the impact force, cumulative impact impulse, peak impact force, vehicle displacement, and displacement of the overhead beam and column in the flexible height restriction barrier is more accurate. The calculation error in the rigid height restriction barriers is relatively larger, but within an acceptable range, indicating that the mass-spring model has high applicability and accuracy for the impact problem between vehicle and height restriction barrier.