摘要: 采用碱溶酸沉法、超声波辅助提取法以及酶解法提取粒毛盘菌 YM404 胞内黑色素 (LIM404) ，并在单因素实验的基础上，运用响应面法优化获得超声波辅助法的最佳提取条件为： NaOH 浓度 1.5mol ·L ^-1 、超声功率 82 W 、提取温度 75 ℃ 、提取时间 33 min ，在此条件下提取的黑色素 ( LIM404-b ) 得率最高，为 12.50% ，较碱溶酸沉法获得的黑色素 ( LIM404-a ) 、酶解法获得的黑色素 ( LIM404-c ) 得率分别提高了 5.04% 、 23.76% 。红外光谱显示， LIM404-b 的结构特征与 LIM404-a 、 LIM404-c 的基本相似。 LIM404-b 浓度为 500mg·L ^-1 时，与 1.4251mmol·mL ^-1 α- 生育酚的总抗氧化能力相当，对 · OH 、 DPPH · 、 · 的清除率分别为 64.43% 、 76.05% 、 68.43% ，表明 LIM404-b 具有较强的抗氧化活性。 Intracellular melanins from Lachnum YM404 (LIM404) were obtained by the methods of alkali solution and acid isolation precipitation, ultrasonic-assisted extraction, enzyme hydrolysis, respectively. Based on the single factor experiments, Box-Behnken experiment was designed to obtain the optimum ultrasonic-assisted extraction conditions of LIM404: NaOH 1.5 mol·L ^-1 , ultrasonic power 82 W, ultrasonic temperature 75˚C and ultrasonic time 33 min. Under these conditions, the yield of melanin (LIM404-b) was 12.5%, and increased 5.04%, 12.15% than that by alkali solution and acid precipitation, enzyme hydrolysis, respectively. FT-IR results showed that the structural characteristics of LIM404-b were similar to that of LIM404-a, LIM404-c. When the LIM404-b concentration was 500 mg·L ^-1 , its total antioxidant capacity was equivalent to α -tocopherol of 1.4251 mmol·mL ^-1 , and the · OH, DPPH·and · scavenging rates were 64.43%, 76.05%, 68.43%, respectively, suggesting that the antioxidant activity of LIM404-b was strong .