Figure 1. Partitioning of marine and land areas in Hainan island, as well as coastal zones. Note: (a) represents the division of marine and land areas, (b) represents the division of the western coast, eastern coast, and southern coast--图1. 海南岛海洋与陆地分区以及海岸带分区。注:(a) 为海洋与陆地分区,(b) 为西部海岸、东部海岸和南部海岸分区--2.2. 数据来源
本文使用的降水数据来自全球卫星测图计划(Global Satellite Mapping of Precipitation, GSMaP)提供的逐小时降水数据集。该数据融合了多源微波辐射计和红外传感器的观测数据,空间分辨率为0.1˚ × 0.1˚,时间分辨率为1小时。和传统的雨量站数据相比,GSMaP数据在时间和空间上都具有更高的分辨率,能够更好地反映研究区的降水时空变化特征,尤其是海洋地区的降水变化。研究时段为2000年至2019年,共计20年。在数据预处理过程中,首先根据研究区的经纬度范围对数据进行裁剪,然后依次对逐小时、日和月数据进行异常值检验、缺测值插补等质量控制,最后在此基础上计算各类降水指标。
Figure 2. Spatial distribution of annual precipitation over land and sea, 2000~2019. Note: (a) is ocean, (b) is land, (c) is eastern coast, (d) is southern coast, and (e) is western coast--图2. 2000~2019年海陆年降水空间分布。注:(a) 为海洋,(b) 为陆地,(c) 为东部海岸,(d) 为南部海岸,(e) 为西部海岸--
Figure 3. Distribution of spatial variability of annual precipitation trends for land and sea. Note: (a) is ocean, (b) is land, (c) is eastern coast, (d) is southern coast, and (e) is western coast--图3. 海陆年降水趋势空间变化分布。注:(a) 为海洋,(b) 为陆地,(c) 为东部海岸,(d) 为南部海岸,(e) 为西部海岸--Figure 4. Comparison of annual-scale coastal zone precipitation time series. Note: (a) is ocean, (b) is land, (c) is eastern coast, (d) is southern coast, and (e) is western coast--图4. 年尺度海岸带降水时间序列对比。注:(a) 为海洋,(b) 为陆地,(c) 为东部海岸,(d) 为南部海岸,(e) 为西部海岸--
Figure 5. Spatial distribution of land and sea precipitation during the rainy season, 2000~2019. Note: (a) is ocean, (b) is land, (c) is eastern coast, (d) is southern coast, and (e) is western coast--图5. 2000~2019年雨季海陆降水空间分布。注:(a) 为海洋,(b) 为陆地,(c) 为东部海岸,(d) 为南部海岸,(e) 为西部海岸--
Figure 6. Spatial distribution of land and sea precipitation during the dry season, 2000~2019. Note: (a) is ocean, (b) is land, (c) is eastern coast, (d) is southern coast, and (e) is western coast--图6. 2000~2019年旱季海陆降水空间分布。注:(a) 为海洋,(b) 为陆地,(c) 为东部海岸,(d) 为南部海岸,(e) 为西部海岸--
Figure 7. Spatial distribution of changes in rainy season precipitation trends for land and sea. Note: (a) is the ocean, (b) is land, (c) is the eastern coast, (d) is the southern coast, and (e) is the western coast--图7. 海陆雨季降水趋势变化的空间分布。注:(a) 为海洋,(b) 为陆地,(c) 为东部海岸,(d) 为南部海岸,(e) 为西部海岸--
Figure 8. Distribution of spatial variability of dry-season precipitation trends for land and sea. Note: (a) is ocean, (b) is land, (c) is eastern coast, (d) is southern coast, and (e) is western coast--图8. 海陆旱季降水趋势空间变化分布。注:(a) 为海洋,(b) 为陆地,(c) 为东部海岸,(d) 为南部海岸,(e) 为西部海岸--
Table 2. Distribution of multi-year average monthly precipitation over ocean and landTable 2. Distribution of multi-year average monthly precipitation over ocean and land 表2. 海陆多年平均月尺度降水量
Figure 9. Monthly frequency distribution of precipitation events with varying intensities in Hainan island, 2000~2019. Note: Subplots a-f represent: (a) No rain; (b) Light rain; (c) Moderate rain; (d) Heavy rain; (e) Rainstorm; (f) Heavy rainstorm--图9. 2000~2019年海南岛海陆不同强度降水事件的月度频数。注:(a) 为无雨,(b) 为小雨,(c) 为中雨,(d) 为大雨,(e) 为暴雨,(f) 为大暴雨--Figure 10. Spatial patterns of daily average hourly precipitation on ocean and land from 2000 to 2019. Note: Left side represents ocean, right side represents land. (a) and (b) represents midnight, (c) and (d) represents 8:00 AM, (e) and (f) represents 4:00 PM--图10. 2000~2019年海洋与陆地日平均逐小时降水的空间格局。注:左侧为海洋,右侧为陆地,(a)和(b)为0点,(c)和(d)为8点,(e)和(f)为16点--3.4. 日尺度下海陆降水差异
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