Research on Detection of Aqueous Dissolved Organic Matter in Water Using Three-Dimensional Fluorescence Spectroscopy-Parallel Factor Analytical Method
Using three-dimensional fluorescence spectroscopy technology, combined with parallel factor analysis and correlation analysis, the composition and variations of Dissolved Organic Matter (DOM) from natural river water on campus were studied. The results showed that the natural river water contained two types of 3 fluorescent components, namely, humic acid-like fluorescent components (C1 and C2) and soluble microbial by-product fluorescent components (C3). The fluorescence index (FI), autogeny index (BIX), humification index (HIX) and freshness index (β:α) were 1.5~1.9, 0.8~1.0, 0.5~0.7 and 0.5~1.0, respectively, indicating that DOM was caused by terrigenous input and endogenous release, and the humification degree of DOM was weak. Combined with the correlation analysis, it was concluded that the C3 in natural river water had extremely significant positive correlation with β:α and BIX, respectively, which indicated that component C3 had an indicator function on β:α and BIX in the water body under certain conditions. The study showed that the fluorescence spectroscopy combined with the parallel factor method is a quick and convenient method for water detection and analysis. Moreover, it plays a guiding role in the water environmental behavior.
Dissolved Organic Matter
然而,在利用三维荧光光谱技术对DOM进行分析时,荧光光谱中的各个荧光组分之间存在着微妙的互动关系,出现相互干扰、重叠等现象。这种现象可能会导致一些难以区分的杂散光干扰,影响到我们对真实的DOM成分的判断,不可避免地会对研究结果造成影响,进而可能会带来关于DOM结构和功能特性的误解或误判
样本:校园内自然河水。
试剂:浓硫酸、0.01 mol/L高锰酸钾溶液、0.02 mol/L硫代硫酸钠标准溶液、1%淀粉溶液、碱性碘化钾溶解、硫酸锰溶液、超纯水、无水乙醇。
样本采集:分别采取不同月份下的校园内自然河水,分装在三个100 mL聚乙烯塑料瓶中,每个100 mL聚乙烯塑料瓶中加入0.4 mL硫酸锰溶液和0.8 mL碱性碘化钾溶液,拧紧瓶塞,将瓶子上下颠倒并充分振摇,以确保其混合均匀。在瓶子上贴上标签注明样品名称及日期等,4℃条件下避光保存。
水样用0.22 μm的滤膜过滤后得到滤液,用于荧光光谱测定。荧光参数:激发波长扫描范围为200~650 nm,发射波长扫描范围为200~800 nm,扫描速度为15,000 nm/min,扫描间隔1 nm,激发采样间隔为10 nm,激发和发射带宽均为10 nm,增益(PMT):1000 V,响应时间为自动匹配。测定过滤得到的滤液,每个样品进行平行测量三次,完毕后导出原始数据表格。将得到的数据导入Matlab R2020b中制图。
利用Matlab R2020b软件中dreem6.4及NWay工具箱对水样三维荧光光谱进行去除拉曼散射和瑞利散射,并利用软件中PARAFAC工具箱对水样三维荧光光谱数据矩阵进行建模处理,模型通过核心一致性和拆半检验提取出荧光组分,所得最大荧光强度(Fmax)代表各组分荧光强度或相对浓度
生物副产物的分子结构不稳定,为水环境下浮游生物活动产物
图2. 校园内自然河水水体DOM荧光组分的Fmax及相对占比
自生源指数(BIX)反映DOM自生源相对贡献,在0.8~1.0、0.7~0.8和0.6~0.7时,分别表示具有较强自源特征、中度新近自生源特征和较少的自生组分
为进一步确定水体DOM的来源,根据PARAFAC分析的结果,使用SPSS软件对三种水体的样品DOM的荧光组分与荧光指数进行相关性分析
C1 |
C2 |
C3 |
DO |
FI |
β:α |
BIX |
HIX |
|
C1 |
1 |
|||||||
C2 |
0.189 |
1 |
||||||
C3 |
−0.116 |
−0.176 |
1 |
|||||
DO |
−0.611** |
−0.071 |
−0.141 |
1 |
||||
FI |
−0.118 |
0.284* |
−0.330* |
0.233 |
1 |
|||
β:α |
−0.182 |
−.378** |
0.959** |
−0.089 |
−0.330* |
1 |
||
BIX |
−0.174 |
−.349** |
0.963** |
−0.098 |
−0.355** |
0.996** |
1 |
|
HIX |
0.061 |
0.309* |
−0.608** |
0.241 |
0.548** |
−0.558** |
−0.559** |
1 |
注:**在p < 0.01为极显著相关,*在p < 0.05为显著相关。
安徽省教育厅重大基金项目(No. 2022AH040154)、滁州市科技局指导性计划(No. 2021ZD025)、校级重点研究项目(No. 2022XJZD22)。
*通讯作者。