Research Progress of Traditional Chinese Medicine in the Treatment of Chronic Gastritis
Chronic gastritis is a common clinical digestive system disease, and Helicobacter pylori (Hp) infection is the main direct cause. Currently, the efficacy of modern medicine in treating chronic gastritis needs to be improved due to reasons such as unsatisfactory eradication of Hp, antibiotic resistance, and weak targeting. In recent years, traditional Chinese medicine has achieved definite efficacy in alleviating symptoms, controlling Hp infection and gastric mucosal atrophy, and reducing disease recurrence rates in patients with chronic gastritis. This review summarizes recent research findings on the treatment of chronic gastritis with traditional Chinese medicine and finds that there are many treatment methods for chronic gastritis with traditional Chinese medicine, and its treatment mechanism includes protecting the gastric mucosa, promoting gastric mucosal repair, improving serum gastrin and pepsinogen levels, down-regulating inflammatory factor levels, regulating the brain-gut axis, and improving immune function.
Chronic Gastritis
慢性胃炎是临床常见的消化系统疾病,其病理表现主要包括胃黏膜炎症或萎缩性病变。通常大多数慢性胃炎患者的临床表现不甚明显,部分患者可表现为上腹部疼痛、饱胀感、恶心呕吐等,部分患者病久可发生焦虑、抑郁等不良情绪
慢性胃炎的病因主要与寒、热、湿等邪气外袭致使脾胃郁滞、饮食内伤使脾胃受损、情志不遂使肝气犯胃等相关
许多经方在治疗慢性胃炎方面均具较好的临床疗效。张梅等
徐婷婷等
根据2023年发布的慢性胃炎中医诊疗专家共识,目前推荐的治疗慢性胃炎的中成药有摩罗丹、荆花胃康胶丸、七蕊胃舒胶囊等
针刺疗法是传统中医外治法,具有效果明显持久、安全性较高、应用简便等优点,针刺可以通过穴位刺激产生治疗效应,以达到提高机体免疫力、增加胃肠道血流量、增强胃动力等治疗效果。薛茸丹等
穴位贴敷是一种结合腧穴、经络、中药三者的综合外治方法,其理论基础为脏腑及经络理论,其操作办法为将中药与各种不同作用效果的介质调和,外敷于腧穴处,通过药物对腧穴局部及远处的刺激作用达到治疗效应。穴位贴敷的操作简便、无创无痛、患者接受度高,因此在各种疾病中都较为常用,在各种消化性疾病中均有较好疗效。穴位贴敷可以通过调节患者的免疫功能、减轻机体炎症反应、调节脑肠肽以改善脑肠互动、加强胃黏膜屏障等方面产生对消化系统疾病的治疗效果
穴位埋线是以针灸相关理论为基础,与现代科学技术相联系衍生出的一种中医外治方法,与传统针刺相比,穴位埋线可以对机体产生更持久的刺激、更长效的治疗效应,因此可以发挥“深内而久留之,以治顽疾”的治疗作用。穴位埋线在慢性胃炎的治疗中应用广泛,研究发现,穴位埋线可以通过多种途径治疗慢性胃炎,如调节炎症因子表达、减少胃酸分泌以保护胃黏膜、调节肠道菌群及脑肠肽、改善胃肠道局部血运等
由于现代人群的生活方式及饮食习惯改变,慢性胃炎的发病率逐年上升,且随年龄增长,发病率增高,慢性萎缩性胃炎与慢性胃炎的发病率成正相关,因此本病应该引起临床重视。现代医学治疗慢性胃炎的手段仍较为局限,患者需要更为个体化的有效治疗方案。笔者综述近年来中医药治疗慢性胃炎的相关研究发现,中医药治疗慢性胃炎的手段众多,主要通过保护胃黏膜、促进胃黏膜修复、改善血清胃泌素和胃蛋白酶原水平、下调炎症因子水平、调节脑肠轴、改善免疫功能等途径来治疗慢性胃炎。
*通讯作者。