GHST前使用性类固醇进行预处理,可使激发试验得出的GH峰值较安慰剂组升高
[30]
。激发实验前使用性类固醇预处理可以增加GHST的特异性
[22]
[31]
,通过这种处理可以避免不适当的使用GH治疗部分GHST中出现假阳性的特殊儿童,如体质性青春期发育延迟(Constitutional Delay of Growth and Puberty, CDGP)
[32]
。有证据表明,雌激素可增加GH的释放。在垂体功能结构正常的儿童中,当发育早于Tanner Ⅲ期时,性类固醇预处理可增加GH分泌。因此,性类固醇预处理可能提高GHST的特异性。然而这种预处理尚未标准化,推荐预处理的理想年龄尚未确定,也缺乏关于需要调整接受性类固醇预处理的患者诊断GHD的界限的数据
[33]
。因此,除了那些怀疑有CDGP的患者外,它在提高其他患儿GHST的诊断性能方面的效果尚不清楚。性类固醇预实处理的支持者认为,这将减少被错误诊断为GHD(假阳性)儿童的数量
[30]
。反对者虽同意在儿童中有GHD的过度诊断,但不相信有强有力的数据表明增加性类固醇预处理一定会提高诊断的准确性。目前,对于在CDGP的青春期儿童使用性类固醇预处理还没有明确的共识。
7. GHST与生长激素拮抗剂
Giorgio Radetti等人的一项前瞻性研究提出培维索孟(Pegvisomant)可增加诊断GHD的准确性,研究表明提前使用培维索孟对患儿进行预处理后,之前两次激发试验诊断的20名GHD儿童中有7名,再次行激发测试后被重新归类为正常
[34]
。提示激发试验前运用以培维索孟为代表的生长激素拮抗剂,可能将减少诊断GHD假阳性概率,但该项研究样本量少,且未设立对照试验,需要进一步研究支持。
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