以软质小麦为原料,探究不同存储时间对曲药质量的影响。以新制曲药(储存时间一周)、老曲药(储存一个月的曲药)和生产曲药(储存时间六个月)为研究对象,探究三个储存时间下曲药糖化力、液化力、酸度、水分、淀粉、发酵力的变化,从而确定不同储存时间对曲药理化指标的影响。结果表明,新制曲药糖化力为850.0~970.0 mg/g·h、液化力0.44~0.59 g/g·h、酸度0.73~0.77、水分12.25%~14.51%、淀粉59.0%~59.74%、发酵力300.0~396.0 ml/g·72h。老曲药糖化力为750.0~950.0 mg/g·h、液化力0.43~0.59 g/g·h、酸度0.72~0.78、水分11.25%~14.27%、淀粉59.10%~59.60%、发酵力286.0~361.0 ml/g·72h。生产曲药糖化力为280.0~380.0 mg/g·h、液化力0.25~0.31 g/g·h、酸度0.7~0.75、水分10.08%~12.05%、淀粉59.26%~59.51%、发酵力118.0~186.0 ml/g·72h。 Using soft wheat as raw material, the influence of different storage times on the quality of koji medicine was studied. Taking new koji medicines (stored for one week), old koji medicines (stored for one month), and produced koji medicines (stored for six months) as the research objects, the changes in saccharification power, liquefaction power, acidity, moisture, starch, and fermentation power of koji under three storage times were investigated, so as to determine the influence of different storage time on physicochemical indexes of koji medicine. The results indicated that the saccharification power of the new koji medicine was 850.0~970.0 mg/g∙h, liquefaction power 0.44~0.59 g/g∙h, acidity 0.73~0.77, moisture content 12.25%~14.51%, starch content 59.0%~59.74%, fermentation power 300.0~396.0 ml/g∙72h. The saccharification power of the old koji medicines was 750.0~950.0 mg/g∙h, liquefaction power 0.43~0.59 g/g∙h, acidity 0.72~0.78, moisture content 11.25%~14.27%, starch content 59.10%~59.60%, fermentation power 286.0~361.0 ml/g∙72h. The saccharification power of the produced koji medicines was 280.0~380.0 mg/g∙h, liquefaction power 0.25~0.31 g/g∙h, acidity 0.7~0.75, moisture content 10.08%~12.05%, starch content 59.26%~59.51%, fermentation power 118.0~186.0 ml/g∙72h.
以软质小麦为原料,探究不同存储时间对曲药质量的影响。以新制曲药(储存时间一周)、老曲药(储存一个月的曲药)和生产曲药(储存时间六个月)为研究对象,探究三个储存时间下曲药糖化力、液化力、酸度、水分、淀粉、发酵力的变化,从而确定不同储存时间对曲药理化指标的影响。结果表明,新制曲药糖化力为850.0~970.0 mg/g·h、液化力0.44~0.59 g/g·h、酸度0.73~0.77、水分12.25%~14.51%、淀粉59.0%~59.74%、发酵力300.0~396.0 ml/g·72h。老曲药糖化力为750.0~950.0 mg/g·h、液化力0.43~0.59 g/g·h、酸度0.72~0.78、水分11.25%~14.27%、淀粉59.10%~59.60%、发酵力286.0~361.0 ml/g·72h。生产曲药糖化力为280.0~380.0 mg/g·h、液化力0.25~0.31 g/g·h、酸度0.7~0.75、水分10.08%~12.05%、淀粉59.26%~59.51%、发酵力118.0~186.0 ml/g·72h。
软质小麦,曲药,糖化力,发酵力
Baoyi Guan1, Yu Chen2*
1Changxing Liquor Industry Group Co., Ltd., Yibin Sichuan
2Academy of Bioengineering, Yibin Campus of Sichuan University of Science & Engineering, Yibin Sichuan
Received: Mar. 25th, 2024; accepted: May 22nd, 2024; published: May 30th, 2024
Using soft wheat as raw material, the influence of different storage times on the quality of koji medicine was studied. Taking new koji medicines (stored for one week), old koji medicines (stored for one month), and produced koji medicines (stored for six months) as the research objects, the changes in saccharification power, liquefaction power, acidity, moisture, starch, and fermentation power of koji under three storage times were investigated, so as to determine the influence of different storage time on physicochemical indexes of koji medicine. The results indicated that the saccharification power of the new koji medicine was 850.0~970.0 mg/g∙h, liquefaction power 0.44~0.59 g/g∙h, acidity 0.73~0.77, moisture content 12.25%~14.51%, starch content 59.0%~59.74%, fermentation power 300.0~396.0 ml/g∙72h. The saccharification power of the old koji medicines was 750.0~950.0 mg/g∙h, liquefaction power 0.43~0.59 g/g∙h, acidity 0.72~0.78, moisture content 11.25%~14.27%, starch content 59.10%~59.60%, fermentation power 286.0~361.0 ml/g∙72h. The saccharification power of the produced koji medicines was 280.0~380.0 mg/g∙h, liquefaction power 0.25~0.31 g/g∙h, acidity 0.7~0.75, moisture content 10.08%~12.05%, starch content 59.26%~59.51%, fermentation power 118.0~186.0 ml/g∙72h.
Keywords:Soft Wheat, Koji, Saccharification Power, Fermentation Power
Copyright © 2024 by author(s) and beplay安卓登录
This work is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution International License (CC BY 4.0).
http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
小麦是适应性最强和栽培区域最广的主粮作物,为全世界30%~40%的人口提供了重要食物和营养来源 [
大曲是白酒生产过程中主要原料之一,因其含有多种粗酶(α-半乳糖苷酶、β-葡萄糖苷酶、木聚糖酶等)和功能菌群(耐高温的优势菌属Bacillus、优势产酯菌属Pichia等),也是白酒生产中必不可少的发酵剂 [
软质小麦:蚌埠市香飘飘粮油食品科技有限公司提供。
粮食破碎机(6F2560),压曲机(Q400):河南省滑县昌源机械有限公司。
氢氧化钠(分析纯)、盐酸(分析纯)、次甲基蓝(分析纯)、葡萄糖(分析纯),本地化学试剂供应商。
选取同一曲房不同储存时间的曲药进行检测,糖化力、液化力、酸度、水分、淀粉变化及发酵力等参数的分析参照QB/T 4257-2011《酿酒大曲通用分析方法》 [
原始数据采用SPSS 26.0软件进行单因素方差分析,检验其差异显著性,在P < 0.05时表示在统计学上有显著性差异。
参照QB/T 4257-2011《酿酒大曲通用分析方法》 [
图1. 三种储存时间下曲药糖化力变化情况
参照QB/T 4257-2011《酿酒大曲通用分析方法》 [
图2. 三种储存时间下曲药液化力变化情况
参照QB/T 4257-2011《酿酒大曲通用分析方法》 [
图3. 三种储存时间下曲药酸度变化情况
参照QB/T 4257-2011《酿酒大曲通用分析方法》 [
图4. 三种储存时间下曲药中水分变化情况
参照QB/T 4257-2011《酿酒大曲通用分析方法》 [
图5. 三种储存时间下曲药中淀粉变化情况
参照QB/T 4257-2011《酿酒大曲通用分析方法》 [
图6. 三种储存时间下曲药发酵力变化情况
根据实验结果,同一曲房曲药在储存不同时间下,糖化力、液化力、酸度、水分和发酵力变化情况均与储存时间成负相关,即储存时间越长,四种参数检测结果越低,与邓玉玲 [
随着储存时间增加,曲房内及曲块的温度逐渐升高,曲块中的水分大量蒸发,导致曲块中水分含量明显下降。新制曲药前期含水量较高,且此时曲药温度不高,适宜产酸的微生物迅速生长繁殖,代谢产生大量的酸,随着储存时间增加酸度呈现持续下降的趋势可能与曲药发酵至中期之后,曲块温度的升高抑制了产酸微生物的繁殖代谢,同时部分微生物消耗有机酸形成酯类等化合物有关 [
成熟的小麦种子内存在有大量游离态和束缚态的α-淀粉酶、β-淀粉酶等各种酶类,随着发酵的进行,原料中的各种酶类受高温的影响逐渐失活,对曲药淀粉消耗减慢 [
在实际生产过程中,生产曲虽然各类数值低于新制曲,但是使用效果却优于新制曲,研究未对曲的酯化力进行分析,也未对曲中生物群落进行研究。未来可以通过研究不同品质小麦对大曲质量影响,也可进一步探究不同时间下微生物种群的代谢机制、互作关系以及其在酒曲中的竞争与协同作用,以更好地指导高品质酒曲的生产。
关宝义,陈 煜. 不同储存时间下大曲的变化Changes in Daqu under Different Storage Times[J]. 食品与营养科学, 2024, 13(02): 250-256. https://doi.org/10.12677/hjfns.2024.132032
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.foodres.2020.109830
https://link.cnki.net/urlid/11.1759.TS.20240313.1124.004, 2024-03-14.