DNA浓度测量在分子生物学中具有重要的应用价值。传统的基于吸光度法测量灵敏度低,需要试剂量大,为解决该问题,本文构建了基于荧光检测的高灵敏度微型DNA浓度测量系统。选取光源为中心波长505 nm激光模组,通过将SYBR Green I染料与DNA混合,研究了荧光强度与DNA浓度之间的量化关系。结果表明,DNA浓度在1~16 ng/μL范围内,与其荧光强度呈线性关系,相关系统高达0.994。本研究为小型DNA浓度测量系统的开发奠定了实验基础。 DNA concentration measurement has important application value in molecular biology. The traditional absorbance-based measurement has low sensitivity and requires a large amount of reagents, in order to solve this problem, this paper constructed a highly sensitive micro DNA concentration measurement system based on fluorescence detection. The light source was selected as a laser module with a center wavelength of 505 nm, and the quantitative relationship between fluorescence intensity and DNA concentration was investigated by mixing SYBR Green I dye with DNA. The results showed that the DNA concentration was linearly related to its fluorescence intensity in the range of 1~16 ng/μL, and the correlation system was as high as 0.994. This study lays an experimental foundation for the development of a miniature DNA concentration measurement system.
DNA浓度测量在分子生物学中具有重要的应用价值。传统的基于吸光度法测量灵敏度低,需要试剂量大,为解决该问题,本文构建了基于荧光检测的高灵敏度微型DNA浓度测量系统。选取光源为中心波长505 nm激光模组,通过将SYBR Green I染料与DNA混合,研究了荧光强度与DNA浓度之间的量化关系。结果表明,DNA浓度在1~16 ng/μL范围内,与其荧光强度呈线性关系,相关系统高达0.994。本研究为小型DNA浓度测量系统的开发奠定了实验基础。
DNA,荧光染料,浓度测量
Zhen Zhang1, Qin Chen1, Zhangtao Liu1, Yuan Zeng2, Zhenqing Li1*
1School of Optical-Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Shanghai for Science and Technology, Shanghai
2Shanghai Key Laboratory of Molecular Imaging, Shanghai University of Medicine and Health Sciences, Shanghai
Received: Apr. 13th, 2024; accepted: May 3rd, 2024; published: May 11th, 2024
DNA concentration measurement has important application value in molecular biology. The traditional absorbance-based measurement has low sensitivity and requires a large amount of reagents, in order to solve this problem, this paper constructed a highly sensitive micro DNA concentration measurement system based on fluorescence detection. The light source was selected as a laser module with a center wavelength of 505 nm, and the quantitative relationship between fluorescence intensity and DNA concentration was investigated by mixing SYBR Green I dye with DNA. The results showed that the DNA concentration was linearly related to its fluorescence intensity in the range of 1~16 ng/μL, and the correlation system was as high as 0.994. This study lays an experimental foundation for the development of a miniature DNA concentration measurement system.
Keywords:DNA, Fluorescent Dye, Concentration Measurement
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DNA浓度测量在基因组学研究中至关重要。因为它提供了关于DNA样品纯度和浓度的关键信息。随着科技的不断发展,我们目睹了多种先进技术的涌现。毛细管电泳 [
为了提高测量的灵敏度和减少所需样品量,Thermo Fisher Scientific公司基于吸光度法推出了Nanodrop 2000,通过改进光路结构实现了微量检测。然而,吸光度法的主要局限在于对DNA纯度 [
尽管荧光光谱法在提高灵敏度和特异性方面具有优势,但市场上的荧光光谱仪通常体积较大,而且耗材成本较高。为解决这一问题,本文基于荧光光谱法搭建了核酸浓度测量微型光路系统,并开发了相应的算法,建立了DNA浓度和荧光强度之间的数学模型。这一创新为生物分子领域提供了低成本、快速、高效的DNA浓度测量方法。
所构建的DNA浓度微型测量系统(图1)由一个中心波长505 nm的激光模组作为光源、荧光光谱检测仪、样品位移台组成。SYBRGreenI与DNA组成的混合物溶液 [
图1. DNA浓度检测系统原理图
10,000 × SYBR Green I高浓缩荧光染料(上海瑞楚生物科技公司);100 bp DNA Ladder (120 ng/μL)和5 × Trisborate-EDTA (TBE) (北京索莱宝生物科技公司);超纯水;TBE储备液(0.5×):将5 × TBE原液和超纯水按1:9比例稀释,常温保存;SYBR Green I储备液(100×):将10,000 × SYBR Green I和超纯水按1:99比例稀释,避光低温保存。
图2. DNA与荧光染料混合物在515~550 nm范围内的荧光光谱
SYBR Green I作为一种广泛用于核酸染色的荧光染料 [
SYBR Green I是一种内嵌染料,该染料结合于双链DNA双螺旋小沟区域。在游离状态下,SYBR Green I发出微弱的荧光,但一旦与双链DNA结合后,荧光大大增强。然而,被测样品中所含荧光染料过多,也可能会导致荧光信号减弱,为此,以24 ng/μLDNA作为样品,分别添加1×、5×、10×、15×、20×、25×、30×和35×等八种不同浓度的SYBR Green I试剂,研究了DNA荧光强度随荧光染料的变化关系。结果表明,当荧光染料由1×增加至25×时,荧光强度随染料浓度增加而升高;当荧光染料浓度高于25×时,荧光强度急剧减少(图3)。为此,采用25 × SYBR Green I荧光染料测量DNA浓度。
图3. 添加1~35 ng/μL不同浓度的SYBR Green I对荧光光谱的影响
图4. 不同浓度的DNA Ladder与荧光强度之间的线性关系
基于以上数据,采用25 × SYBR Green I作为荧光染料,采用了1~14 ng/μL范围内DNA样品的荧光光谱,并记录其522 nm处荧光强度,每组实验重复5次,并利用最小乘值法对所绘数据进行曲线拟合,绘制了DNA浓度与其荧光强度的关系(图4),结果表明,二者之间具有较高的线性关系,相关系数为0.99。
进一步,将特定浓度的DNA样品做与25 × SYBR Green I,0.5 × TBE背景液按一定比例混合,配制成1~16 ng/μL的检测液,在构建的光学系统中测量522 nm处荧光强度值(表1),并依据所构建的荧光强度与浓度之间的量化关系计算其浓度值。结果表明,在10~100 ng/μL浓度范围内,系统能在很小的误差内精确的预估出DNA的浓度数值。
实际值(ng/μL) | 荧光强度均值 | 预测值(ng/μL) | 误差值(ng/μL) | 相对偏差% |
---|---|---|---|---|
10 | 29.256 | 9.81 | 0.19 | 1.9% |
20 | 45.48 | 20.87 | 0.87 | 4.35% |
30 | 57.89 | 29.23 | -0.77 | 2.57% |
40 | 74.42 | 40.64 | 0.64 | 1.6% |
50 | 91.232 | 51.74 | 1.74 | 3.48% |
60 | 102.976 | 59.81 | -0.19 | 0.32% |
70 | 118.08 | 70.05 | 0.05 | 0.07% |
80 | 134.496 | 81.18 | 1.18 | 1.48% |
90 | 154.016 | 94.42 | 4.42 | 4.91% |
100 | 169.12 | 104.67 | 4.67 | 4.67% |
表1. 不同浓度DNA样品荧光强度值与浓度测量值
本文基于荧光光谱法,构建微型核酸浓度测量系统,通过优化SYBR Green I荧光染料浓度,建立了DNA荧光强度与其浓度之间的量化关系。结果表明,在1~16 ng/μL范围内,DNA浓度与其荧光强度呈线性关系,相关系数高达0.994。对于10~100 ng/μL范围内的DNA样品,浓度测量相对偏差小于5%。从而为微型DNA浓度测量系统的开发提供了坚实的实验基础。
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