在气候变化的背景下,青藏高原作为“世界屋脊”,对全球气候变化具有重要影响。研究这一地区的碳循环格局对于实现中国碳中和目标至关重要。本研究使用高分辨率的中国气象数据集驱动Biome-BGC模型,分析了1979~2018年青藏高原总初级生产力(GPP)的时空变化以及其对环境因子的响应。研究结果显示,青藏高原大部分地区的平均GPP在0至250 gC·m−2·yr−1之间,而东部部分地区GPP高达1250~1500 gC·m−2yr−1。过去40年间,青藏高原GPP整体呈现上升趋势,BGC模型模拟的最大值达到约350 gC·m−2·yr−1,与GLASS和微波遥感数据相似。不同植被类型的GPP都呈正增长趋势,其中森林的GPP最高,达974.45 gC·m−2·yr−1,沙漠最低,仅28.07 gC·m−2·yr−1。草地和灌木地随温度和降雨量上升而大幅增加GPP,达到1200 gC·m−2·yr−1左右的峰值,而裸土呈现波动模式,峰值约70 gC·m−2·yr−1。GPP的频率分布也随环境条件变化而变化。这些发现加深了我们对青藏高原GPP变化和植被对气候变化响应的理解。 Under climate change, the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau, known as the “Roof of the World”, plays a significant role in global climatic variations. Studying its carbon cycle patterns is crucial for achieving China’s carbon neutrality goals. This research, using high-resolution Chinese meteorological datasets to drive the Biome-BGC model, analyzed the spatial and temporal variations of the total gross primary productivity (GPP) of the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau from 1979 to 2018 and its response to environmental factors. The findings revealed that the average GPP in most areas of the plateau ranged from 0 to 250 gC·m−2·yr−1, with some eastern regions reaching as high as 1250~1500 gC·m−2·yr−1. Over the past 40 years, the plateau’s GPP generally showed an increasing trend, with the BGC model simulating a maximum GPP of around 350 gC·m−2·yr−1, consistent with GLASS and microwave remote sensing data. All vegetation types exhibited a positive growth trend in GPP, with forests recording the highest (974.45 gC·m−2·yr−1) and deserts the lowest (28.07 gC·m−2·yr−1). Grasslands and shrublands showed significant GPP increases with rising temperatures and precipitation, peaking around 1200 gC·m−2·yr−1, while bare soil displayed a fluctuating pattern, peaking at approximately 70 gC·m−2·yr−1. The frequency distribution of GPP also varied with environmental conditions. These results deepen our quantitative understanding of GPP changes and vegetation responses to climate change in the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau.
土地利用,草地,森林,CMFD,GPP, Land Use
Grassland
Forest
CMFD
GPP
摘要
Under climate change, the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau, known as the “Roof of the World”, plays a significant role in global climatic variations. Studying its carbon cycle patterns is crucial for achieving China’s carbon neutrality goals. This research, using high-resolution Chinese meteorological datasets to drive the Biome-BGC model, analyzed the spatial and temporal variations of the total gross primary productivity (GPP) of the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau from 1979 to 2018 and its response to environmental factors. The findings revealed that the average GPP in most areas of the plateau ranged from 0 to 250 gC·m−2·yr−1, with some eastern regions reaching as high as 1250~1500 gC·m−2·yr−1. Over the past 40 years, the plateau’s GPP generally showed an increasing trend, with the BGC model simulating a maximum GPP of around 350 gC·m−2·yr−1, consistent with GLASS and microwave remote sensing data. All vegetation types exhibited a positive growth trend in GPP, with forests recording the highest (974.45 gC·m−2·yr−1) and deserts the lowest (28.07 gC·m−2·yr−1). Grasslands and shrublands showed significant GPP increases with rising temperatures and precipitation, peaking around 1200 gC·m−2·yr−1, while bare soil displayed a fluctuating pattern, peaking at approximately 70 gC·m−2·yr−1. The frequency distribution of GPP also varied with environmental conditions. These results deepen our quantitative understanding of GPP changes and vegetation responses to climate change in the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau.
施 翔,廖玮杰,尚 明,阮 秀,李世禧,白 磊. 基于Biome-BGC模型的1979~2018年青藏高原生态系统总初级生产力时空变化格局研究Spatio-Temporal Variations Pattern Study of Gross Primary Productivity of 1979~2018 in the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau Based on the Biome-BGC Model[J]. 地理科学研究, 2024, 13(02): 457-468. https://doi.org/10.12677/gser.2024.132044
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