为探讨棉花抗冷性与棉花产量、纤维品质之间的关系,开展此研究。通过对6个棉花品种4℃低温冷害胁迫后丙二醛、可溶性糖的测定,分析不同品种的抗冷性,田间鉴定6个品种的产量、品质性状,分析6个棉花品种抗冷性和产量、纤维品质的关系。结果表明,6个棉花品种中,抗冷性较好的有S1、S5、S2三个品种,其中产量和纤维品质等综合性状都较好的是S5。 In order to investigate the relationship between cold resistance and cotton yield and fiber quality, this study was carried out. Through the determination of malondialdehyde and soluble sugar of 6 cotton varieties after cold injury at 4˚C, the cold resistance of different varieties was analyzed. The yield and quality characters of 6 cotton varieties were identified in the field, and the relationship between cold resistance and yield and fiber quality of 6 cotton varieties was analyzed. The results showed that among the six cotton varieties, S1, S5 and S2 had the best cold resistance, and S5 had the best comprehensive characters such as yield and fiber quality.
为探讨棉花抗冷性与棉花产量、纤维品质之间的关系,开展此研究。通过对6个棉花品种4℃低温冷害胁迫后丙二醛、可溶性糖的测定,分析不同品种的抗冷性,田间鉴定6个品种的产量、品质性状,分析6个棉花品种抗冷性和产量、纤维品质的关系。结果表明,6个棉花品种中,抗冷性较好的有S1、S5、S2三个品种,其中产量和纤维品质等综合性状都较好的是S5。
棉花,抗冷性,生理生化,产量,品质关系
Cuirong Dai, Xiaoyan Zhao, Ruixue Lin, Yanmei Pu, Bo Wu, Wentao Wang, Meiqiu He, Wenming Lian*
Institute of Agricultural Sciences and Technology, Agricultural Production Division 1, Xinjiang Production and Construction Corps, Alaer Xinjiang
Received: Dec. 18th, 2023; accepted: Jan. 15th, 2024; published: Jan. 23rd, 2024
In order to investigate the relationship between cold resistance and cotton yield and fiber quality, this study was carried out. Through the determination of malondialdehyde and soluble sugar of 6 cotton varieties after cold injury at 4˚C, the cold resistance of different varieties was analyzed. The yield and quality characters of 6 cotton varieties were identified in the field, and the relationship between cold resistance and yield and fiber quality of 6 cotton varieties was analyzed. The results showed that among the six cotton varieties, S1, S5 and S2 had the best cold resistance, and S5 had the best comprehensive characters such as yield and fiber quality.
Keywords:Cotton, Cold Resistance, Physiological and Biochemical, Yield, Quality Relationship
Copyright © 2024 by author(s) and beplay安卓登录
This work is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution International License (CC BY 4.0).
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新疆是我国最大的优质棉生产基地,光热资源丰富,气候类型独特,适宜棉花种植。然而,由于全球极端天气频率的增高使得冷害冻害频发,造成作物减产,品质下降 [
参试的6个棉花品种S1~S6由第一师农科所棉花研究室提供。
试验于2021年在新疆兵团第一师12团21连第一师农科所试验基地和第一师农科所综合实验室进行。5月25日,将6份材料在实验室内用盆栽法播种于装有营养土的花盆中,每个品种20粒,两盆。
待棉花幼苗长至两叶一心时,每个品种放一盆棉苗至人工气候箱进行4℃冷害胁迫24 h,测定其丙二醛(MDA)、可溶性糖(SS)含量。丙二醛(MDA)含量测定采用硫代巴比妥酸(TBA)法 [
在农科所试验基地,种植引进的棉花种质资源,对每份材料的铃重、衣分、皮棉产量、纤维品质上半均长、强力和马克隆值等重要性状进行田间鉴定。
用Microsoft Excel 2007软件进行数据处理和作图。
丙二醛(MDA)含量(nmol/g鲜重) = [ΔA × V反总 ÷ (ε × d) × 109] ÷ (W × V样 ÷ V样总) = 51.6 × ΔA ÷ W
V反总:反应体系总体积,4 × 10−4L;ε:丙二醛摩尔消光系数,155 × 103 L/mol/cm;d:96
孔板光径,0.5 cm;V样:加入样本体积,0.1 mL;V样总:加入提取液体积,1 mL;W:样本质量,g。
用96孔板测定的计算公式如下:
标准条件下测定的回归方程为y = 4.275 x − 0.07;x为标准品浓度(mg/mL),y为吸光值。
按样本鲜重计算:
可溶性糖(mg/g鲜重) = [(ΔA + 0.07) ÷ 4.275 × V1] ÷ (W × V1 ÷ V2) = 2.34 × (ΔA + 0.07) ÷ W。
V1:加入样本体积,0.04 mL;V2:加入提取液体积,10 mL;Cpr:样本蛋白质浓度,mg/mL;
W:样本鲜重,g。
图1. 6个品种丙二醛含量
丙二醛(MDA)是常用的膜脂过氧化指标,MDA的积累可能对膜和细胞造成一定的伤害 [
由图2可见,各品种在低温胁迫前,可溶性糖含量因品种不同存在一定差异,分别为7.16 mg/g、5.59 mg/g、6.91 mg/g、4.75 mg/g、4.76 mg/g、5.81 mg/g,受低温胁迫后,6个品种可溶性糖含量均比对照升高,分别为9.80 mg/g、8.86 mg/g、10.55 mg/g、5.94 mg/g、6.52 mg/g、6.79 mg/g。每个品种升高的幅度不同,其中S3升高幅度最大,其次为S2、S1、S5、S4、S6。植物经低温胁迫后,其可溶性糖含量都有不同程度的升高,而且升高的幅度与品种的抗冷性呈现正相关,由此可推断出参试品种中S3、S2、S1、S5四个品种的抗冷性较好。
图2. 6个品种可溶性糖含量
品种名称 | 单铃重(g) | 衣分(%) | 皮棉产量(kg/mu) | 上半均长(mm) | 强度(cN·tex−1) | 马克隆 |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
S1 | 6.1 | 43.48 | 166.23 | 30.41 | 29.77 | 4.95 |
S2 | 4.94 | 42.18 | 115.64 | 31.47 | 32.82 | 4.13 |
S3 | 5.12 | 47.13 | 154.53 | 27.79 | 28.85 | 4.24 |
S4 | 5.41 | 43.55 | 150.19 | 32 | 32.95 | 4.5 |
S5 | 5.83 | 43.82 | 139.63 | 29.9 | 30.62 | 4.35 |
S6 | 5 | 40.65 | 115.23 | 29.22 | 28.92 | 3.94 |
表1. 6个参试品种产量和品质性状
由表1可见,6个品种单铃重最大的为S1,6.1 g,S2最小,为4.94 g;衣分最高的为S3,为47.13%,最低的为S6,40.65%,皮棉产量最高的为S1,达166.23 kg/mu,最低的为S6,115.23 kg/mu,纤维品质测定结果为:上半均长最长的为S4,32 mm,最短的为S3,只有27.79 mm,强力最好的为S4,32.95 cN·tex−1,最差的为S3,只有28.92 cN·tex−1,马克隆值最好的为S6,3.94,最差的为S1,4.95。
通过对低温胁迫后棉花丙二醛和可溶性糖含量测定,筛选出比较抗冷的棉花品种为S1、S5、S2三个品种,这三个品种在田间进行农艺性状、产量性状和品质性状的测定,结果显示S1,除马克隆值略偏高之外,其他性状表现均比较好,S2纤维品质性状较好,但产量性状不理想,S5相对综合性状搭配较好。
在低温胁迫前棉花叶片丙二醛含量和可溶性糖含量因品种不同存在一定差异,经低温胁迫,6个参试棉花品种的丙二醛含量和可溶性糖含量均有一定程度的升高,各品种升高程度不同,经两项指标综合分析,6个参试品种中有三个品种S1、S5、S2抗冷性较好。三个抗冷性品种中,产量和品质性状较好的为S5。
1) 据资料报道 [
2) 可溶性糖含量的增加对提高细胞液浓度、增强细胞液的流动性和维持细胞膜在低温下的正常功能等方面有重要作用 [
兵团科技创新人才计划“棉花抗苗期冷害种质资源的引进与创新”(2021CB017)国家现代农业产业技术体系–棉花产业技术体系阿拉尔综合试验站(CARS-15-43)。
戴翠荣,赵晓雁,蔺瑞雪,蒲艳梅,吴 博,王文涛,贺美球,练文明. 6个棉花品种的抗冷性与产量品质的关系Relationship between Cold Resistance and Yield and Quality of 6 Cotton Varieties[J]. 农业科学, 2024, 14(01): 35-39. https://doi.org/10.12677/HJAS.2024.141006
https://doi.org/10.1007/s12298-013-0203-5
https://doi.org/10.17957/IJAB/15.0274