目的:探讨揿针联合神阙穴敷贴在混合痔术后腹胀便秘中的防治效果。方法:回顾性分析2022年6月~2023年7月诊断为混合痔并行手术治疗患者的临床资料。按治疗方式不同分为对照组和治疗组。对照组行常规治疗,治疗组在对照组基础上予以揿针联合神阙穴敷贴治疗。对比术后两组患者腹胀和便秘情况、治疗7d临床疗效。结果:治疗组术后首次排气时间(21.57 ± 10.67) h、首次排便时间(31.10 ± 18.01) h,均较对照组的(30.60 ± 19.46) h、(46.77 ± 20.06) h短,且治疗组腹胀和便秘显效率均更高(P < 0.05);治疗7 d后,治疗组总有效率更高(P < 0.05)。结论:揿针联合神阙穴敷贴有助于改善混合痔患者术后腹胀和便秘情况,提高临床疗效。 Objective: To investigate the effect of pressing acupuncture combined with Sticking & Dressing on Shenque Point in preventing and treating postoperative abdominal distension and constipation of mixed hemorrhoids. Methods: A retrospective analysis was performed for the clinical data of patients diagnosed with mixed hemorrhoids and undergoing surgery from June 2022 to July 2023. According to different treatment methods, they were divided into control group and treatment group. The control group was treated with conventional treatment, and the treatment group was treated with pressing acupuncture combined with Sticking& Dressing on Shenque Point on the basis of the control group. The abdominal distension and constipation of the two groups were compared after surgery, and the clinical efficacy of 7 days of treatment was compared. Results: The time of first exhaust (21.57 ± 10.67) h and the time of first defecation (31.10 ± 18.01) h in the treatment group were shorter than those in the control group (30.60 ± 19.46) h and (46.77 ± 20.06) h, and the abdominal distension and constipation efficiency in the treatment group were higher (P < 0.05); After 7 days of treatment, the total effective rate in the treatment group was higher (P < 0.05). Conclusion: Pressing acupuncture combined with Sticking & Dressing on Shenque Point is helpful for improve postoperative abdominal distension and constipation in patients with mixed hemorrhoids, and enhance the clinical efficacy.
目的:探讨揿针联合神阙穴敷贴在混合痔术后腹胀便秘中的防治效果。方法:回顾性分析2022年6月~2023年7月诊断为混合痔并行手术治疗患者的临床资料。按治疗方式不同分为对照组和治疗组。对照组行常规治疗,治疗组在对照组基础上予以揿针联合神阙穴敷贴治疗。对比术后两组患者腹胀和便秘情况、治疗7d临床疗效。结果:治疗组术后首次排气时间(21.57 ± 10.67) h、首次排便时间(31.10 ± 18.01) h,均较对照组的(30.60 ± 19.46) h、(46.77 ± 20.06) h短,且治疗组腹胀和便秘显效率均更高(P < 0.05);治疗7 d后,治疗组总有效率更高(P < 0.05)。结论:揿针联合神阙穴敷贴有助于改善混合痔患者术后腹胀和便秘情况,提高临床疗效。
揿针,神阙穴敷贴,混合痔,腹胀,便秘
Xueliang Wang1, Yu Leng2*, Wei Xie2, Zhi Li3, Lei Chen1, Yuhan Peng1
1School of Nursing, Guizhou University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Guiyang Guizhou
2Department of Nursing, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guizhou University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Guiyang Guizhou
3Department of Anorectology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guizhou University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Guiyang Guizhou
Received: Dec. 7th, 2023; accepted: Jan. 13th, 2024; published: Jan. 22nd, 2024
Objective: To investigate the effect of pressing acupuncture combined with Sticking & Dressing on Shenque Point in preventing and treating postoperative abdominal distension and constipation of mixed hemorrhoids. Methods: A retrospective analysis was performed for the clinical data of patients diagnosed with mixed hemorrhoids and undergoing surgery from June 2022 to July 2023. According to different treatment methods, they were divided into control group and treatment group. The control group was treated with conventional treatment, and the treatment group was treated with pressing acupuncture combined with Sticking& Dressing on Shenque Point on the basis of the control group. The abdominal distension and constipation of the two groups were compared after surgery, and the clinical efficacy of 7 days of treatment was compared. Results: The time of first exhaust (21.57 ± 10.67) h and the time of first defecation (31.10 ± 18.01) h in the treatment group were shorter than those in the control group (30.60 ± 19.46) h and (46.77 ± 20.06) h, and the abdominal distension and constipation efficiency in the treatment group were higher (P < 0.05); After 7 days of treatment, the total effective rate in the treatment group was higher (P < 0.05). Conclusion: Pressing acupuncture combined with Sticking & Dressing on Shenque Point is helpful for improve postoperative abdominal distension and constipation in patients with mixed hemorrhoids, and enhance the clinical efficacy.
Keywords:Pressing Acupuncture, Sticking & Dressing on Shenque Point, Mixed Hemorrhoids, Abdominal Distension, Constipation
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研究表明,痔疾病在成年人群中的患病率为11% [
回顾性分析2022年6月~2023年7月于贵州中医药大学第一附属医院肛肠外科的混合痔术后患者60例。纳入标准:① 诊断为混合痔;② 住院期间行混合痔手术治疗;③ 临床资料完整。排除标准:① 术前合并消化系统疾病,如慢性便秘等;② 严重体质过敏;③ 多次手术史;④ 既往精神病史;⑤ 穴区皮肤破损、感染者。依据应用揿针和未应用揿针治疗分为治疗组与对照组,各30例。治疗组:女11例,男19例;年龄(41.83 ± 12.37)岁;病程(2.38 ± 2.87)年,对照组:女12例,男18例;年龄(40.70 ± 11.46)岁;病程(2.12 ± 1.96)年。两组一般资料比较无统计学意义(P > 0.05)。
采用常规治疗。包括吸氧、心电监护、镇痛、补液、消炎等对症处理、术后6 h遵医嘱半流质饮食、之后逐步过渡到普食。术后第1天起,遵医嘱每天中药熏洗、换药等。
在对照组基础上予以揿针联合神阙穴敷贴治疗。
神阙穴敷贴治疗:敷贴由大黄、枳实、厚朴、木香、莪术按4:3:3:3:3组成。用法:术后当天,将上诉中药分别粉碎后用凡士林调成糊状物,之后将糊状物敷于肚脐,再用6 cm × 6 cm的医用敷料覆盖6~8 h。
揿针治疗:取中脘、关元和双侧天枢、内关和合谷穴。操作:在术后返回病房1 h内对患者行揿针治疗,嘱其仰卧位,常规消毒穴区皮肤,拆开揿针(规格:0.25 × 1.2 mm)密封纸,随后用镊子将揿针刺入所选穴位,之后以拇指指腹来按压患者局部,并以局部有酸、胀、麻感为宜。埋针时间为6 h/次,指导患者中间按压1次,每次约60 s。术后第1 d起,每天早上给患者行神阙穴敷贴和揿针治疗,治疗方法同术后当天,7 d为一个疗程,两组均连续治疗7 d。
首次排气、排便时间:记录患者术后首次排气、排便时间。
腹胀疗效标准 [
便秘疗效标准 [
临床疗效 [
采用SPSS 26.0统计软件分析,定量资料若符合正态分布,用均数 ± 标准差( x ¯ ± s )表示,进行t检验;等级资料采用卡方检验。以P < 0.05为差异有统计学意义。
治疗组术后首次排气时间更早,显效率更高(P < 0. 05)。见表1。
组别 | 首次排气时间(h, x ¯ ± s ) | 显效 | 有效 | 无效 | 显效率(%) |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
对照组(n = 30) | 30.60 ± 19.46 | 13 | 12 | 5 | 43.33 |
治疗组(n = 30) | 21.57 ± 10.67* | 21 | 9 | 0 | 70.00* |
表1. 两组术后腹胀情况比较
注:与对照组比较,*P < 0.05。
术后治疗组的首次排便时间较对照组明显提前,显效率亦更高(P < 0.05)。见表2。
组别 | 首次排便时间(h, x ¯ ± s ) | 显效 | 有效 | 无效 | 显效率(%) |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
对照组(n = 30) | 46.77 ± 20.06 | 15 | 11 | 4 | 86.67 |
治疗组(n = 30) | 31.10 ± 18.01# | 25 | 4 | 1 | 96.67# |
表2. 两组术后排便情况比较
注:与对照组比较,#P < 0.01。
治疗组术后总有效率更高(P < 0.05)。见表3。
组别 | 治愈 | 显效 | 有效 | 无效 | 总有效率(%) | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
对照组(n = 30) | 9 | 7 | 10 | 4 | 86.67 | |
治疗组(n = 30) | 15 | 11 | 3 | 1 | 96.67 | |
P | 0.04 | |||||
表3. 两组临床疗效比较[n (%)]
痔在肛肠科属于常见病和多发病,痔的患病率呈现出逐年升高的趋势 [
便秘属于中医学“大便不利”等范畴。中医认为,便秘发病的关键是大肠气机失调,其病位在大肠,而与脾肺肾密切相关。混合痔术后筋络血脉损伤,润泽荣养不足,脏腑失职,运化无权 [
对于混合痔患者,在手术切除病灶的同时,机体脏腑和气血损伤难以避免,导致血运不畅,进而脏腑功能受损 [
本研究结果表明,治疗组术后腹胀情况及便秘情况均优于对照组,且术后7 d治疗组的总有效率更高。提示揿针联合神阙穴敷贴在防治混合痔术后腹胀便秘方面疗效突出,值得临床推广。
贵州省中医药管理局中医药、民族医药科学技术研究课题(QZYY-2020-038)。
王雪亮,冷 羽,谢 薇,李 志,陈 磊,彭渝涵. 揿针联合神阙穴敷贴在混合痔术后腹胀便秘防治中的应用 The Application of Pressing Acupuncture Combined with Sticking & Dressing on Shenque Point in the Prevention and Treatment of Abdominal Distension and Constipation after Mixed Hemorrhoids[J]. 护理学, 2024, 13(01): 93-98. https://doi.org/10.12677/NS.2024.131015
https://doi.org/10.2217/cer-2020-0159
https://doi.org/10.1155/2022/5627550