目的:分析小针刀松解联合神经阻滞治疗神经根型颈椎病(CSR)的效果,进一步优化调整临床治疗方案,全面提升临床治疗能力。方法:试验以CSR患者为主,选取100例2022年1月~2023年6月新医大一附院昌吉分院针灸推拿科病区收治的CSR患者为研究对象,采用随机分组的方式分为观察组和对照组,各50例。对照组患者采用推拿配合针灸治疗,观察组患者实施小针刀松解联合神经阻滞治疗,对比两组总有效率、日本骨科协会评估治疗分数量表(JOA)、视觉模拟评分量表(VAS)评分、症候积分及两组治疗前、治疗后14 d颈椎曲度、颈椎屈伸活动度等变化。结果:观察组总有效率高于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P < 0.05)。两组数据处理后对比治疗后VAS、JOA评分、症候积分等指标,结论显示观察组优于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P < 0.05)。与治疗前相比,两组治疗后14 d颈椎曲度、颈椎屈伸活动度均升高(P < 0.05),但组间比较差异无统计学意义(P > 0.05)。结论:采用小针刀松解联合神经阻滞治疗CSR效果较为理想,不仅能缓解患者疼痛,提高治疗效果,还能改善患者各症候及颈椎功能,提高生活质量,安全性较高,值得临床推广。 Purpose: To analyze the effect of small needle knife release combined with nerve block in the treatment of cervical spondylotic radiculopathy (CSR), further optimize and adjust clinical treat-ment plans to comprehensively enhance clinical treatment capabilities. Methods: The experiment mainly focused on CSR patients, and selected 100 CSR patients admitted to the Acupuncture and Moxibustion and Massage Department of Changji Branch of the First Affiliated Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University from January 2022 to June 2023 as the research objects, the patients were di-vided into an observation group and a control group by random grouping, with 50 cases each. The patients in the control group were treated with massage and acupuncture and moxibustion, the pa-tients in observation group were treated with small needle knife release combined with nerve block. The total effective rate, JOA, VAS scores, symptom scores, and changes in cervical curvature, cervical flexion and extension range of motion before and 14 days after treatment between the two groups were compared. Result: The total effective rate of the observation group was higher than that of the control group, with a statistically significant difference (P < 0.05). After processing the two sets of data, compare the VAS, JOA scores, symptom scores, and other indicators after treatment, the con-clusion shows that the observation group is superior to the control group, with a statistically signif-icant difference (P < 0.05). Compared with before treatment, both groups showed an increase in cervical curvature and cervical flexion and extension activity at 14 days after treatment (P < 0.05), however, there was no statistically significant difference between the groups (P > 0.05). Conclusion: The use of small needle knife release combined with nerve block in the treatment of CSR has an ideal effect, not only can it alleviate patient pain, improve treatment effectiveness, but it can also improve various symptoms and cervical function, improve quality of life, and have high safety, which is worthy of clinical promotion.
目的:分析小针刀松解联合神经阻滞治疗神经根型颈椎病(CSR)的效果,进一步优化调整临床治疗方案,全面提升临床治疗能力。方法:试验以CSR患者为主,选取100例2022年1月~2023年6月新医大一附院昌吉分院针灸推拿科病区收治的CSR患者为研究对象,采用随机分组的方式分为观察组和对照组,各50例。对照组患者采用推拿配合针灸治疗,观察组患者实施小针刀松解联合神经阻滞治疗,对比两组总有效率、日本骨科协会评估治疗分数量表(JOA)、视觉模拟评分量表(VAS)评分、症候积分及两组治疗前、治疗后14 d颈椎曲度、颈椎屈伸活动度等变化。结果:观察组总有效率高于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P < 0.05)。两组数据处理后对比治疗后VAS、JOA评分、症候积分等指标,结论显示观察组优于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P < 0.05)。与治疗前相比,两组治疗后14 d颈椎曲度、颈椎屈伸活动度均升高(P < 0.05),但组间比较差异无统计学意义(P > 0.05)。结论:采用小针刀松解联合神经阻滞治疗CSR效果较为理想,不仅能缓解患者疼痛,提高治疗效果,还能改善患者各症候及颈椎功能,提高生活质量,安全性较高,值得临床推广。
神经阻滞,小针刀,神经根型颈椎病
Xiuzhen Hai, LuXia*
Department of Acupuncture and Moxibustion and Massage, Changji Branch of the First Affiliated Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University, Changji Xinjiang
Received: Oct. 25th, 2023; accepted: Nov. 19th, 2023; published: Nov. 28th, 2023
Purpose: To analyze the effect of small needle knife release combined with nerve block in the treatment of cervical spondylotic radiculopathy (CSR), further optimize and adjust clinical treatment plans to comprehensively enhance clinical treatment capabilities. Methods: The experiment mainly focused on CSR patients, and selected 100 CSR patients admitted to the Acupuncture and Moxibustion and Massage Department of Changji Branch of the First Affiliated Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University from January 2022 to June 2023 as the research objects, the patients were divided into an observation group and a control group by random grouping, with 50 cases each. The patients in the control group were treated with massage and acupuncture and moxibustion, the patients in observation group were treated with small needle knife release combined with nerve block. The total effective rate, JOA, VAS scores, symptom scores, and changes in cervical curvature, cervical flexion and extension range of motion before and 14 days after treatment between the two groups were compared. Result: The total effective rate of the observation group was higher than that of the control group, with a statistically significant difference (P < 0.05). After processing the two sets of data, compare the VAS, JOA scores, symptom scores, and other indicators after treatment, the conclusion shows that the observation group is superior to the control group, with a statistically significant difference (P < 0.05). Compared with before treatment, both groups showed an increase in cervical curvature and cervical flexion and extension activity at 14 days after treatment (P < 0.05), however, there was no statistically significant difference between the groups (P > 0.05). Conclusion: The use of small needle knife release combined with nerve block in the treatment of CSR has an ideal effect, not only can it alleviate patient pain, improve treatment effectiveness, but it can also improve various symptoms and cervical function, improve quality of life, and have high safety, which is worthy of clinical promotion.
Keywords:Nerve Block, Small Needle Knife, Cervical Spondylotic Radiculopathy
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神经根型颈椎病(CSR)是脊神经根受刺激或压迫导致相应脊神经根分布部位及肢体的运动、感觉,甚至反射障碍的一种临床综合征 [
收集2022年01月~2023年06月新医大一附院昌吉分院针灸推拿科病区确诊为CSR的患者100例。签署知情同意书后,根据患者就诊的先后顺序,通过查对随机数字表,将其随机分为两组:对照组和观察组,对照组为推拿配合针灸治疗CSR。观察组为小针刀松解联合神经阻滞治疗CSR。所有病例均未中止、脱落,每组50例。为减少偏倚,提高研究结果的可信度,故本研究过程中,受试者、研究资料收集及分析者均设盲。
1) 患者病症诊断符合《中医病症诊断疗效标准》 [
2) 均满足上述相关诊断依据;无其他系统严重原发病;
3) 年龄 < 60岁,知晓本研究,已签署同意书;
4) 生理活动能力正常,神智清晰,可正常交流沟通。
1) 已有或疑似脑部肿瘤、颈椎及椎管内肿瘤及合并其他类型的颈椎病患者;
2) 有颈部手术史、老年性骨质疏松、骨髓炎、骨关节结核者;
3) 心脑肝肾功能严重障碍者;
4) 不能配合完成研究者。
1) 受试者依从性差,或治疗过程接受其他治疗;
2) 治疗过程中出现严重不良事件;
3) 受试者主动要求退出治疗。
对照组患者采用推拿配合针灸治疗,推拿方式用滚法放松肌肉,针灸选择的穴位为颈椎夹脊穴、大椎、肩井、天柱、手三里、曲池、外关、后溪、合谷,平补平泻法,留针时间为30 min,1次/d,连续治疗20 d。
观察组患者实施小针刀松解联合神经阻滞治疗。具体小针刀的操作手法参照《针刀医学临床诊疗与操作规范》1) 小针刀方法:患者俯卧于治疗床,低头放松颈部,充分暴露颈肩部皮肤,首先为患者进行体格检查,找出颈肩部阳性反应点及病变的横突压痛点并用记号笔做好标记,使用安尔碘给予颈肩部皮肤常规消毒,使用老宗医牌4号针刀(江西老宗医医疗器械有限公司,规格:0.8 mm × 50 mm)在棘突间缓慢进针,针体自棘突间刺入骨面,与骨面方向垂直,针尖到达骨面后,调整针体方向,平行在棘突间隙,并将棘间韧带点切松解,到横突骨面缓慢松解2~3下即可,出针后,先按压止血,然后用一次性使用输液贴覆盖针孔处防止感染,治疗1次/周,共治疗3次。2) 神经阻滞:患者俯卧位,充分暴露患侧颈部,常规消毒铺巾后,实施颈部神经阻滞治疗,右手持针,进针时保持空针回抽状态,当针尖到达骨面后,反复回抽无血液及脑脊液,随后缓慢推注消炎镇痛液,其成分为1%的利多卡因(生产厂家:湖北天药药业股份有限公司,批准文号:国药准字H20133209) 2.5 mL、曲安奈德(生产厂家:昆明积大制药股份有限公司,批准文号:国药准字H53021604) 3 mg、注射用水(生产厂家:浙江济民制药股份有限公司,批准文号:国药准字H20084285) 2.5 mL,每周1次,共治疗3次,治疗过程中,可根据情况及时调整治疗时间。
1) 临床疗效:通过颈椎功能障碍指数(NDI)评估,包含娱乐、工作、睡觉等共10个问题,治疗后颈椎功能受损指数降低 > 80%、40%~80%、<40%分别为显效、有效、较差 [
2) 止痛效果:比较两组治疗前及治疗后疼痛程度。通过视觉模拟评分量表(VAS) [
3) 评估颈椎功能:日本骨科协会评估治疗分数量表(JOA) [
4) 症候积分:按照《中医病症诊断疗效标准》做出评估,包括疼痛、麻木、眩晕等,采取0~3分计分,分值越低越好。
5) 测量颈椎活动度:比较两组治疗前、治疗后14 d颈椎曲度、颈椎屈伸活动度。颈椎曲度通过Borden氏测量法 [
数据应用SPSS23.0统计学软件分析;计数资料以[n (%)]表示,采用X2检验;计量资料以( x ¯ ± s )表示,采用t检验;P < 0.05表示差异有统计学意义。
两组对比疗效情况的结果显示观察组的治疗效果高于对照组(P < 0.05)见表1。
组别 | 例数 | 显效 | 有效 | 较差 | 总有效率 |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
观察组 | 50 | 25/50.0 | 22/44.0 | 3/6.0 | 94.0% |
对照组 | 50 | 15/30.0 | 21/42.0 | 14/28.0 | 72.0% |
X2/P | - | - | - | - | 8.576/0.003 |
表1. 两组患者疗效情况对比[n (%)]
两组数据处理后对比治疗后VAS、JOA评分、症候积分等指标,结论显示最优的为观察组,可见结果达统计分析要求(P < 0.05);但两组对比治疗前数据差异不明显(P > 0.05),见表2。
组别 | VAS | JOA | 症候积分 | |||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
治疗前 | 治疗后 | 治疗前 | 治疗后 | 治疗前 | 治疗后 | |
观察组 | 8.5 ± 1.5 | 2.1 ± 0.2 | 12.3 ± 1.5 | 21.3 ± 2.4 | 13.3 ± 3.3 | 4.3 ± 1.1 |
对照组 | 8.6 ± 1.4 | 4.3 ± 1.1 | 12.4 ± 1.3 | 15.3 ± 2.4 | 13.4 ± 3.2 | 8.7 ± 2.1 |
t | 0.3521 | 6.3124 | 0.0196 | 5.4387 | 0.5236 | 6.4577 |
P | 0.785 | 0.000 | 0.835 | 0.005 | 0.985 | 0.000 |
表2. 两组患者相关评分变化对比( x ¯ ± s ,分)
与治疗前相比,两组治疗后14 d颈椎曲度、颈椎屈伸活动度均升高(P < 0.05),但组间比较差异无统计学意义(P > 0.05)。见表3。
组别 | 例数 | 颈椎曲度(mm) | t/P | 颈椎屈伸活动度 | t/P | ||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
治疗前 | 治疗后14 d | 治疗前 | 治疗后14 d | ||||
观察组 | 50 | 5.22 ± 0.86 | 7.01 ± 0.81 | 10.714/<0.001 | 61.22˚ ± 15.34˚ | 81.35˚ ± 18.24˚ | 5.972/<0.001 |
对照组 | 50 | 5.18 ± 0.90 | 6.89 ± 0.77 | 10.209/<0.001 | 63.01˚ ± 10.79˚ | 80.44˚ ± 15.56˚ | 6.509/<0.001 |
t/P | - | 0.227/0.821 | 0.759/0.450 | - | 0.675/0.501 | 0.268/0.789 | - |
表3. 两组患者治疗前及治疗后14 d颈椎曲度、颈椎屈伸活动度比较( x ¯ ± s )
神经根型颈椎病(CSP)是由于颈椎间盘发生退行性病变或突出,骨质增生、椎体骨赘形成,钩椎关节蜕变等,随着疾病的发展变化,累及椎间关节、关节囊、韧带等组织,造成颈椎连接处或颈椎管内的神经根受到压迫或刺激,从而引发的一系列以手、臂、肩、颈的疼痛、麻木为主要临床症状体征的一种疾病。
在临床治疗疾病中,CSP已成为当今社会发病率较高的常见病之一,新的流行病学调查结果显示,CSP的发病率正在年轻化。目前,年轻人群的发病率达到了12% [
小针刀是在古代九针中的针、锋针等基础上,结合现代医学外科用手术刀发展形成的一种针灸用具,其形状似针又似刀 [
神经阻滞治疗是通过肌肉注射将镇痛消炎的药物直接送达病灶和经椎间孔的神经根附近,能将药效发挥至最大 [
小针刀治疗与神经阻滞治疗均为微创治疗,对患者损伤性小,患者疼痛感轻,具有较高的治疗安全性 [
综上所述,对CSR患者给予小针刀松解联合神经阻滞治疗,可有效改善患者颈椎功能,提高其生理曲度,缓解颈部疼痛症状,创口小,患者耐受力强,可在临床推广应用。
海秀珍,夏 露. 小针刀松解联合神经阻滞治疗神经根型颈椎病的疗效观察Observation on the Therapeutic Effect of Small Needle Knife Release Combined with Nerve Block in the Treatment of Cervical Spondylotic Radiculopathy[J]. 临床医学进展, 2023, 13(11): 18436-18442. https://doi.org/10.12677/ACM.2023.13112589
https://doi.org/10.1155/2021/5433742