肌肉减少症(sarcopenia) (简称肌少症)是一种进行性和全身性骨骼肌疾病,涉及肌肉力量减低、肌肉质量下降和躯体功能的加速丧失,与跌倒、功能衰退、虚弱和死亡率等不良后果增加有关,分为与年龄相关的原发性肌肉减少症及由慢性疾病所致的继发性肌肉减少症。随着世界人口的老龄化,肌少症的患病率总体来说呈上升趋势。因此,早期识别并采取有效干预措施延缓肌少症的发生十分必要。本文从肌少症的概念、发病机制、合并常见慢性病等方面进行综述,旨在提高临床工作者对肌少症的认识从而提高老年人群生活质量、减轻医疗保健系统的负担。 Sarcopenia (abbreviated as sarcopenia) is a progressive and systemic skeletal muscle disease that involves decreased muscle strength, decreased muscle mass, and accelerated loss of physical func-tion. It is associated with increased adverse consequences such as falls, functional decline, weak-ness, and mortality. It can be divided into age-related primary sarcopenia and secondary sarcope-nia caused by chronic diseases. With the aging of the world population, the overall incidence of sar-copenia is on the rise. Therefore, early identification and effective intervention measures are nec-essary to delay the occurrence of sarcopenia. This article reviews the concept, pathogenesis, and common chronic diseases of sarcopenia, aiming to enhance clinical workers’ understanding of sar-copenia, improve the quality of life of the elderly population, and reduce the burden on the healthcare system.
1Graduate Student Affairs Office of Xi’an Medical University, Xi’an Shaanxi
2The Second Department of Gastroenterology, Shaanxi Provincial People’s Hospital, Xi’an Shaanxi
Received: Apr. 28th, 2023; accepted: May 21st, 2023; published: May 31st, 2023
ABSTRACT
Sarcopenia (abbreviated as sarcopenia) is a progressive and systemic skeletal muscle disease that involves decreased muscle strength, decreased muscle mass, and accelerated loss of physical function. It is associated with increased adverse consequences such as falls, functional decline, weakness, and mortality. It can be divided into age-related primary sarcopenia and secondary sarcopenia caused by chronic diseases. With the aging of the world population, the overall incidence of sarcopenia is on the rise. Therefore, early identification and effective intervention measures are necessary to delay the occurrence of sarcopenia. This article reviews the concept, pathogenesis, and common chronic diseases of sarcopenia, aiming to enhance clinical workers’ understanding of sarcopenia, improve the quality of life of the elderly population, and reduce the burden on the healthcare system.
多使用SARC-F调查问卷早期识别可能肌少症患者,该问卷包括肌肉力量(Strength)、辅助行走(Assistance in walking)、起立(Rise from a chair)、爬楼梯(Climb stairs)、跌倒(Falls) 5项内容。AWGS 2019 建议将小腿围作为一项评估参数列入SARC-CalF调查问卷,可提高诊断的敏感性。鉴于SARC-F调查问卷结果多会受到患者主观因素的影响,也有推荐使用Ishii评分对肌少症患者进行评估。
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