为探索人格、社会支持、歧视知觉对流动儿童市民认同的影响,该研究采用问卷调查法调查了流动儿童学校学生339人,通过结构方程模型技术来探讨它们之间的作用机制。结果发现:1) 社会支持在人格和流动儿童的市民认同间起部分中介的作用,人格特征既对市民认同产生直接的影响,也通过社会支持对市民认同产生间接影响;2) 歧视知觉对社会支持中介作用的发挥起到调节作用,即歧视知觉调节了人格与社会支持的关系。 In order to explore the influence of personality, social support and perceived discrimination on migrant children’s civic identity, this study adopted questionnaire survey to investigate 339 mi-grant children’s school students, and explored the mechanism between them through structural equation model technology. The results show that: 1) Social support plays a partial mediating role between personality and migrant children’s civic identity. Personality characteristics have direct influence on civic identity and indirect influence on civic identity through social support; 2) Perceived discrimination moderated the mediating effect of social support, that is, perceived dis-crimination moderated the relationship between personality and social support.
流动儿童,人格,市民认同,社会支持,歧视知觉, Migrant Children
Personality
Civic Identity
Social Support
Stigma Perception
摘要
The Relationship between Personality and Civic Identity of Migrant Children: The Role of Social Support and Perceived Discrimination
Yuan Liang
Faculty of Psychology, Southwest University, Chongqing
Received: Feb. 27th, 2023; accepted: Mar. 23rd, 2023; published: Mar. 30th, 2023
ABSTRACT
In order to explore the influence of personality, social support and perceived discrimination on migrant children’s civic identity, this study adopted questionnaire survey to investigate 339 migrant children’s school students, and explored the mechanism between them through structural equation model technology. The results show that: 1) Social support plays a partial mediating role between personality and migrant children’s civic identity. Personality characteristics have direct influence on civic identity and indirect influence on civic identity through social support; 2) Perceived discrimination moderated the mediating effect of social support, that is, perceived discrimination moderated the relationship between personality and social support.
Keywords:Migrant Children, Personality, Civic Identity, Social Support, Stigma Perception
Correlation analysis of factors influencing citizen identificatio
M
SD
市民认同
社会支持
人格
歧视知觉
市民认同
2.621
0.569
1
社会支持
36.507
6.373
0.306**
1
人格
2.888
0.463
0.188**
0.141**
1
歧视知觉
1.451
0.664
0.210**
0.232**
0.119*
1
表1. 市民认同影响因素相关分析表
3.2. 社会支持的中介作用检验
已有文献表明,社会支持可能在人格与市民认同的关系中可能起着中介作用。相关分析结果表明,社会支持与人格、市民认同之间存在显著的相关。以人格为自变量,市民认同为因变量,社会支持为中介变量采用结构方程模型分析变量之间的关系。结果发现,人格与社会支持、社会支持与市民认同之间的路径系数均显著。人格与市民认同之间的情绪智力的路径系数显著(β = 0.15, t = 11.23, p = 0.016 < 0.05, CI = [0.045, 0.236]),这表明社会支持在人格与市民认同之间起部分中介作用(中介效应β = 0.04,p = 0.003 < 0.01,CI = [0.018, 0.07]),中介效应值占总效应的比例为0.04/0.188 = 21.3%。具体参见表2、图2。
Fitting index of the mediation mode
Model
χ2
df
χ2/df
GFI
IGFI
CFI
RMR
RMSEA
M
0
0
0
1.000
1.000
1.000
0
0.211
表2. 中介作用模型的拟合指数
图2. 社会支持的中介效应模型
3.3. 歧视知觉的调节作用检验
在本研究中自变量为人格,社会支持为中介变量,调节变量为歧视知觉,调节人格与社会支持的关系,因变量为市民认同。所有变量已经中心化。分析结果表明,模型拟合指数良好(见表3)。人格与市民认同的路径系数显著(β = 0.17, t = 3.387, p = 0.000 < 0.01, CI = [0.066, 0.273]),人格与社会支持的路径系数显著(β = 0.15, t = 2.948, p = 0.003 < 0.01, CI = [0.249, 0.053]),歧视知觉与社会支持的路径系数显著(β = 0.29, t = 5.342, p = 0.000 < 0.01, CI = [0.394, 0.170]),歧视知觉与市民认同路径系数显著(β = 0.17, t = 3.326, p = 0.000 < 0.01, CI = [0.060, 0.293]),社会支持与市民认同的路径系数显著(β = 0.24, t = 4.58, p = 0.000 < 0.01, CI = [0.333, 0.133]),人格与歧视知觉的交互项对社会支持的路径系数显著(β = 0.14, t = 2.64, p = 0.008 < 0.01, CI = [0.250, 0.040]),人格与歧视知觉的交互项对市民认同的路径系数不显著。这说明,社会支持在人格与市民认同间起部分中介作用,而歧视知觉调节了人格与社会支持的关系(图3)。
Fitting index of the moderated mediation model between personality and citizen identit
Model
χ2
df
χ2/df
GFI
AGFI
CFI
TLI
RMSEA
M
0.391
1
0.391
1.000
0.9993
1.000
1.056
0.00
表3. 人格与市民认同的有调节的中介模型的拟合指数
图3. 人格与社会认同的有调节的中介模型
简单斜率检验的结果表明,当歧视知觉水平较低时(Z人格≤ −1),人格对社会支持的变化没有显著影响;当歧视知觉水平较高时(Z人格≥ 1),随着人格水平的增加,个体的社会支持也呈下降趋势(β = −0.355, t = −3.241, p < 0.01),然而人格水平下降一个标准差,社会支持下降0.355个标准差。即人格对社会支持的预测作用随着歧视知觉水平的不同而不同(图4)。
梁 媛. 人格与流动儿童市民认同的关系:社会支持和歧视知觉的作用The Relationship between Personality and Civic Identity of Migrant Children: The Role of Social Support and Perceived Discrimination[J]. 社会科学前沿, 2023, 12(03): 1411-1419. https://doi.org/10.12677/ASS.2023.123195
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