父母作为孩子的第一任老师,对于子女的发展至关重要。父母对于孩子的学业和生活有多种参与方式,本文主要探讨其中基于家庭的卷入方式之一即家庭作业。近些年来关于家庭作业的话题十分热门,往往许多家长在辅导孩子作业时遇到了许多困扰,如不知道如何辅导,对于孩子的表现感到担忧和对学校教授的教学了解不足。本文根据以往家庭作业中家长参与的研究,首先简要介绍家长参与的概念,接着对父母参与家庭作业的研究进行简单的总结与归纳,探讨有效的家庭作业家长参与的方式,并且简要说明了当下父母参与家庭作业存在的问题,同时提出当前研究的不足与对未来研究的启发。 As the first teachers of children, parents are very important for their children’s development. Parents have a variety of ways to participate in their children’s study and life. This paper mainly discusses one of the ways based on family involvement, namely homework. In recent years, the topic of homework is very popular. Many parents often encounter many problems when tutoring their children’s homework. For example, they don’t know how to tutor their children, they are worried about their children’s performance, and they don’t know enough about the teaching of school professors. Based on the previous research on parents’ participation in homework, this paper first briefly introduces the concept of parents’ participation, then makes a simple summary and induction of the research on parents’ participation in homework, explores the effective ways of parents’ participation in homework, and briefly explains the existing problems of parents’ participation in homework at present. At the same time, it puts forward the shortcomings of the current research and the suggestions for future research inspire.
家长参与,家庭作业,家校沟通,自主动机,儿童学业, Parental Involvement
Homework
Home School Communication
Autonomous Motivation
Children’s Studies
摘要
As the first teachers of children, parents are very important for their children’s development. Parents have a variety of ways to participate in their children’s study and life. This paper mainly discusses one of the ways based on family involvement, namely homework. In recent years, the topic of homework is very popular. Many parents often encounter many problems when tutoring their children’s homework. For example, they don’t know how to tutor their children, they are worried about their children’s performance, and they don’t know enough about the teaching of school professors. Based on the previous research on parents’ participation in homework, this paper first briefly introduces the concept of parents’ participation, then makes a simple summary and induction of the research on parents’ participation in homework, explores the effective ways of parents’ participation in homework, and briefly explains the existing problems of parents’ participation in homework at present. At the same time, it puts forward the shortcomings of the current research and the suggestions for future research inspire.
Keywords:Parental Involvement, Homework, Home School Communication, Autonomous Motivation, Children’s Studies
This work is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution International License (CC BY 4.0).
http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
1. 引言
现代实行义务教育制度,儿童需要在学校接受系统的学习,但父母是孩子的首要监护人,在对于子女的教育中发挥了十分重要的作用。自古以来,我国就对教育十分重视,流传出“教先从家始”、“正家而天下定矣”、“苟家人之居正,则天下之无邪”等名句。古代的教育思想主张主要有:及早施教、一视同仁、严慈相济、注重道德品质修养、甚至主张可以体罚,而这些教育思想也主要以父母作为主体。西方国家从20世纪60年代开始实行了系列儿童发展补偿计划以帮助父母参与到子女的教育之中。1979年,布朗芬布伦纳(U Bronfenbrenner)提出发展心理学中的生态系统理论(ecological systems theory),强调发展个体嵌套于相互影响的一系列环境系统之中。其中,环境层次的最里层微观系统,如家庭、学校和同伴;中间系统,如各微系统之间的联系;外层系统,如社会、父母的工作环境等,都直接或间接与家长参与有关。该理论为家长参与的研究提供了重要的理论基础。近几十年来,许多研究者从家长参与的不同角度开展了大量研究,如家庭教养方式与类型、家长参与的结构、影响因素、与学业的关系及影响机制等。
刘 宇. 学生家庭作业中的家长参与:研究综述Parents’ Participation in Students’ Homework: Research Review[J]. 社会科学前沿, 2022, 11(12): 5472-5477. https://doi.org/10.12677/ASS.2022.1112745
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