临床上脊髓损伤对国家、社会和个人产生重大身体、心理和经济负担。脊髓损伤后,血脑屏障被破坏,血细胞渗入损伤部位,神经元和胶质细胞发生死亡,进而引起受损轴突的脱髓鞘病变,这一系列生理病理反应导致不可逆转的神经功能损伤。少突胶质细胞是中枢神经系统的髓鞘形成细胞,并且少突胶质前体细胞(oligodendrocyte precursor cells, OPCs)是已知的成熟少突胶质细胞唯一来源,具有保护损伤轴突的作用。本文将对少突胶质细胞在脊髓损伤后发生的生理病理变化,以及对其在脊髓损伤修复中发挥的作用的研究现状进行综述,并且对脊髓损伤修复未来发展方向进行展望。 Spinal cord injury (SCI) is a severe emergency that causes personal physical, psychological problems and social economic burdens among individuals, communities and countries. In SCI, un-alterable neuronal dysfunction occurs due to a series of physiopathologic processes, including pen-etration of blood cells in the injury site following blood-brain barrier (BBB) disruption and demye-lination of injured axons following the apoptotic cascade of neuronal and glial cells. Oligodendro-cytes form the myelin sheaths in the central nervous system (CNS). Oligodendrocyte precursor cells (OPCs) are the main source of mature oligodendrocytes that protects neuronal axons from the inju-ry site. This literature review outlines the physiopathological traits of oligodendrocytes after SCI, summarizes recent research on its role in the traumatic spinal cord injury and repair, and demon-strates future efforts on the management of SCI.
Oligodendrocytes and Its Role in Spinal Cord Traumatic Injury
Xiaojiao Zhang, Xin Tang*
Co-Innovation Center of Neuroregeneration, Key Laboratory for Neuroregeneration of Jiangsu Province and Ministry of Education, Nantong University, Nantong Jiangsu
Spinal cord injury (SCI) is a severe emergency that causes personal physical, psychological problems and social economic burdens among individuals, communities and countries. In SCI, unalterable neuronal dysfunction occurs due to a series of physiopathologic processes, including penetration of blood cells in the injury site following blood-brain barrier (BBB) disruption and demyelination of injured axons following the apoptotic cascade of neuronal and glial cells. Oligodendrocytes form the myelin sheaths in the central nervous system (CNS). Oligodendrocyte precursor cells (OPCs) are the main source of mature oligodendrocytes that protects neuronal axons from the injury site. This literature review outlines the physiopathological traits of oligodendrocytes after SCI, summarizes recent research on its role in the traumatic spinal cord injury and repair, and demonstrates future efforts on the management of SCI.
张小娇,汤 欣. 创伤性脊髓损伤修复过程中少突胶质细胞的作用 Oligodendrocytes and Its Role in Spinal Cord Traumatic Injury[J]. 生物过程, 2022, 12(04): 205-212. https://doi.org/10.12677/BP.2022.124023
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