目的:观察泪膜导向性治疗在重度干眼合并眼睑刷上皮病变中的临床疗效。方法:观察60例120眼重度干眼合并眼睑刷上皮病变患者,分为治疗组30例60眼和对照组30例60眼。治疗组予以3%地夸磷索钠滴眼液联合1%醋酸泼尼松龙滴眼液点眼;对照组予以重组牛碱性成纤维细胞生长因子滴眼液联合0.1%普拉洛芬滴眼液点眼。两组均于治疗2 wks后复查。观察指标:分别于治疗前后进行眼表疾病评分指数(ocular surface disease index, OSDI)问卷调查;泪膜破裂时间(breakuptime, BUT);荧光素钠角膜染色裂隙灯显微镜检查观察角膜病变情况;荧光素、丽丝胺绿混合染色试纸染色,观察眼睑刷区域的病变情况,按病变程度评分;眼压测量。比较两组治疗前后的差异。结果:治疗组治愈47眼(78.33%),好转13眼(21.66%),无效0眼,治愈率78.33%而对照组治愈25眼(41.66%),好转27眼(45.00%),无效8眼(13.33%),治愈率41.66%,两组差异有统计学意义(P < 0.05)。结论:泪膜导向性治疗在重度干眼合并眼睑刷上皮病变治疗中疗效显著。 Objective: To observe the clinical effect of tear film oriented therapy in the treatment of severe dry eyes complicating eyelid-wiper epitheliopathy. Methods: 60 cases were divided into two groups randomly. The treated group was treated with 3% diquafosol eye drops combined with 1% Prednisolone Acetate Ewiperye Drops and the control group was treated with bFGF and 0.1% topical pranoprofen. All patients were rechecked after 2 weeks of treatment. The observated items inclouded questionary survey of OSDI conducted before and after treatment, breakup time of tear film (BUT), fluorescein staining of the cornea and dual staining of eyelid wiper area with fluorescein and lisamine green. All patients were scored according to their lesion degree. The difference of the items was compared between the two groups before and after treatment. Result: The therapeutic effect of LWE in treated group was excellent in 47 eyes (78.33%), effective in 13 (21.66%), ineffective in 0 eye (0%), and the total cure rate was 78.33%. In control group it was excellent in 25 eyes (41.66%), effective in 27 (45.00%), ineffective in 8 eye (13.33%), and the total cure rate was 41.66%. There were statistically significant differences between the two groups (P < 0.05). Conclusion: Tear film oriented therapy had significant effect in treating severe dry eyes complicating eyelid-wiper epitheliopathy.
目的:观察泪膜导向性治疗在重度干眼合并眼睑刷上皮病变中的临床疗效。方法:观察60例120眼重度干眼合并眼睑刷上皮病变患者,分为治疗组30例60眼和对照组30例60眼。治疗组予以3%地夸磷索钠滴眼液联合1%醋酸泼尼松龙滴眼液点眼;对照组予以重组牛碱性成纤维细胞生长因子滴眼液联合0.1%普拉洛芬滴眼液点眼。两组均于治疗2 wks后复查。观察指标:分别于治疗前后进行眼表疾病评分指数(ocular surface disease index, OSDI)问卷调查;泪膜破裂时间(breakuptime, BUT);荧光素钠角膜染色裂隙灯显微镜检查观察角膜病变情况;荧光素、丽丝胺绿混合染色试纸染色,观察眼睑刷区域的病变情况,按病变程度评分;眼压测量。比较两组治疗前后的差异。结果:治疗组治愈47眼(78.33%),好转13眼(21.66%),无效0眼,治愈率78.33%而对照组治愈25眼(41.66%),好转27眼(45.00%),无效8眼(13.33%),治愈率41.66%,两组差异有统计学意义(P < 0.05)。结论:泪膜导向性治疗在重度干眼合并眼睑刷上皮病变治疗中疗效显著。
泪膜,导向性治疗,干眼,眼睑刷上皮病变
Cuiwei Zhang1, Jinsong Mo2*
1Shenzhen Health Care Committee Office, Shenzhen Guangdong
2Shenzhen Eye Hospital, Shenzhen Guangdong
Received: Mar. 2nd, 2022; accepted: Mar. 15th, 2022; published: Mar. 30th, 2022
Objective: To observe the clinical effect of tear film oriented therapy in the treatment of severe dry eyes complicating eyelid-wiper epitheliopathy. Methods: 60 cases were divided into two groups randomly. The treated group was treated with 3% diquafosol eye drops combined with 1% Prednisolone Acetate Ewiperye Drops and the control group was treated with bFGF and 0.1% topical pranoprofen. All patients were rechecked after 2 weeks of treatment. The observated items inclouded questionary survey of OSDI conducted before and after treatment, breakup time of tear film (BUT), fluorescein staining of the cornea and dual staining of eyelid wiper area with fluorescein and lisamine green. All patients were scored according to their lesion degree. The difference of the items was compared between the two groups before and after treatment. Result: The therapeutic effect of LWE in treated group was excellent in 47 eyes (78.33%), effective in 13 (21.66%), ineffective in 0 eye (0%), and the total cure rate was 78.33%. In control group it was excellent in 25 eyes (41.66%), effective in 27 (45.00%), ineffective in 8 eye (13.33%), and the total cure rate was 41.66%. There were statistically significant differences between the two groups (P < 0.05). Conclusion: Tear film oriented therapy had significant effect in treating severe dry eyes complicating eyelid-wiper epitheliopathy.
Keywords:Tear Film, Oriented Therapy, Dry Eye, Lid-Wiper Epitheliopathy
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干眼(Dry eye)是目前眼科门诊和体检中除屈光不正之外最常见的眼部疾病,全球的干眼发病率为5.5%~33.7%,我国的干眼发病率为21%~30% [
选择2019年2月至2021年2月来我科门诊就诊和体检中诊断重度干眼合并重度LWE患者60例120眼,男24例48眼,女36例72眼,年龄25~70岁,平均46.5 ± 10.6岁。随机分为两组,治疗组和对照组各30例60眼。两组的一般情况比较差异无统计学意义(P < 0.05)。
入选标准:1) 年龄25~70岁;2) 最佳矫正视力≥0.5;3) 裂隙灯显微镜下检查无眼睑内、外翻,缺损,睑缘炎症;无角膜炎症、瘢痕、新生血管;4) 干眼诊断标准:干眼的诊断参照“中国干眼专家共识(2020年)” [
排除标准:1) 结膜有炎症及异常者;2) 眼部有炎症及眼压异常正进行局部及全身治疗者;3) 眼部手术史;4) 双眼屈光参差大于3.0 D或散光度数大于2.5 D。本研究经医院医学伦理会同意,并遵循赫尔辛基宣言,所有患者均签署知情同意书。
治疗组给予3%地夸磷索钠滴眼液点眼,三次/天,联合1%醋酸泼尼松龙滴眼液点眼,2次/天。对照组给予重组牛碱性成纤维细胞生长因子滴眼液点眼,4次/天,联合0.1%普拉洛芬滴眼液点眼,2次/天。
治疗前、后分别对患者进行:眼表疾病评分指数(ocular surface disease index, OSDI)问卷调查 [
干眼症状的评估眼表疾病评分指数问卷调查 [
干眼的诊断
根据2020中国干眼专家共识 [
轻度OSDI量表(分) 13~22,裂隙灯显微镜下检查无明显眼表损伤体征(角膜荧光素染色点<5个或不超过一个象限),非接触式泪膜破裂时间<10 s。
中度OSDI量表(分)23~32,裂隙灯显微镜下检查角膜损伤范围不超过2个象限及以上(和)角膜荧光染色点≥5个且<30个,非接触式泪膜破裂时间<5 s。
重度OSDI量表(分) 33~100,裂隙灯显微镜下检查角膜荧光素染色弥散融合成片状,波及三个象限或中央光学区,泪膜破裂时间<2 s或无完整泪膜。
眼睑刷染色:将含有荧光素钠–丽丝胺绿的眼科检测试纸(天津晶明公司)混合染色试纸用生理盐水浸湿后,滴入下穹隆,1 min后重复上述步骤,3 min后翻转眼睑,裂隙灯显微镜下用16倍镜加钴蓝色滤光片观察,测量眼睑刷染色区域的水平长度和矢状高度,并进行染色评分。
染色评分:根据Krob等 [
治愈治疗前后干眼症状问卷调查OSDI量表评分降低70%,治疗后OSDI量表评分≤13分,角膜荧光素染色(-),BUT在2 s以上。眼睑刷区染色评分为0分。
好转治疗前后干眼症状问卷调查OSDI量表评分降低30%,治疗后OSDI量表评分≤23分,角膜荧光素染色<1个象限,BUT在2 s以上,眼睑刷区染色评分为≤1分。
无效治疗前后干眼症状问卷调查OSDI量表评分降低10%,治疗后OSDI量表评分>23分角膜荧光素染色区无明显改变,BUT<2 s,眼睑刷区染色评分≥1分。
计量资料采用t检验,计数资料采用X2检验。以p < 0.05具有统计学意义,采用SPSS13.0进行统计学处理。
治疗组治疗前OSDI量表评分为63.59 ± 2.03分,染色评分为2.05±0.61分,治疗后其OSDI量表评分为10.79 ± 1.33分,染色评分为0.22 ± 0.19分。对照组治疗前OSDI量表评分为62.86 ± 2.17分,染色评分为2.06 ± 0.53分,治疗后其OSDI量表评分为40.91 ± 1.63分,染色评分为0.62 ± 0.39分。治疗组的治愈率为78.33%,明显高于对照组的41.66%,治疗组的疗效明显优于对照组,差异均有统计学意义(p < 0.05);两组治疗前后眼压测量均正常;详见表1。
组别 | 治愈 | 好转 | 无效 |
---|---|---|---|
治疗组 | 47 (78.33) | 13 (21.66) | 0 (0.00) |
对照组 | 25 (41.66) | 27 (45.00) | 8 (13.33) |
表1. 两组疗效情况对比
2020亚洲干眼共识认为 [
我们在临床工作中,多见重度干眼合并眼睑刷上皮病(LWE)。眼睑刷上皮病(LWE)是由Korb等 [
目前,普遍认为,不完全瞬目、IFQ使用期间瞬目次数减少、睑裂闭合不全和眼睑痉挛等因素均影响泪膜的黏蛋白层、水液层和脂质层中的某一层或多层,导致干眼的核心特征——泪膜不稳定。这为临床干眼的精准治疗提供了明确的方向和理论基础。2020亚洲干眼共识 [
本次临床疗效观察中,选用了作为泪膜导向性治疗的代表药物——3%地夸磷索钠滴眼液,它通过促进泪膜各成份的分泌,从而改善泪膜的稳定性。地夸磷索钠是一种核苷酸UTP的合成衍生物,为嘌呤P2Y2受体激动剂 [
另外,本组病例中,我们发现有26例角膜屈光矫正术后的重症干眼患者,患者均无明显的眼部不适、异物感等干眼症状,仅在常规眼科体检中发现干眼病情,与角膜激光手术后角膜基底下神经丛和角膜基质神经受损,导致角膜面知觉减退相关 [
干眼和眼睑刷上皮病变均是由多种因素所致的眼表疾病,以往临床药物治疗单一,疗效欠佳;泪膜导向性治疗为临床治疗提供了更有针对性的治疗方案。本组病例的临床疗效观察表明,采用3%地夸磷索滴眼液联合1%醋酸泼尼松龙滴眼液的泪膜导向性治疗方法,取得显著的临床疗效,且耐受性良好,未见眼部及全身严重不良反应,有望替代免疫抑制剂、人工泪液等干眼治疗药物,具有广阔的应用前景。
张翠薇,莫劲松. 泪膜导向性治疗的临床观察Clinical Observation of Tear Film Oriented Therapy[J]. 眼科学, 2022, 11(01): 99-103. https://doi.org/10.12677/HJO.2022.111016