ACM Advances in Clinical Medicine 2161-8712 Scientific Research Publishing 10.12677/ACM.2022.121081 ACM-48354 ACM20220100000_70923327.pdf 医药卫生 绝经后2型糖尿病肾病患者炎症因子与骨密度的相关性 Correlation between Inflammatory Factors and Bone Mineral Density in Postmenopausal Patients with Type 2 Diabetic Nephropathy 2 1 婷婷 3 1 雪娟 4 1 青岛大学附属医院,山东 青岛 青岛市即墨区田横岛省级旅游度假区卫生院,山东 青岛 青岛市即墨区人民医院,山东 青岛 null 05 01 2022 12 01 549 553 © Copyright 2014 by authors and Scientific Research Publishing Inc. 2014 This work is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution International License (CC BY). http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/

目的:探讨绝经后2型糖尿病肾病患者血清炎症因子水平与骨密度的相关性。方法:选择50例2019年1月至2021年3月以来于我院就诊的绝经后2型糖尿病肾病患者,收集患者的一般临床资料和炎症因子等指标进行相关性分析。结果:绝经后2型糖尿病肾病患者骨密度与CRP、TNF-α、IL-6呈负相关(r值分别为−0.284、−0.174、−0.097,均P < 0.05),而与IL-1β、IL-18无明显相关性。结论:本研究表明绝经后2型糖尿病肾病患者炎症因子水平与骨密度密切相关。 Objective: To investigate the correlation between serum inflammatory factors and bone mineral density in postmenopausal patients with type 2 diabetic nephropathy. Methods: A total of 50 postmenopausal patients with type 2 diabetic nephropathy admitted to our hospital from January 2019 to March 2021 were selected, and their general clinical data and inflammatory factors and other indicators were collected for correlation analysis. Results: BMD was negatively correlated with CRP, TNF-α and IL-6 in postmenopausal patients with type 2 diabetic nephropathy (r = −0.284, −0.174, −0.097, all P < 0.05), but not with IL-1β and IL-18. Conclusions: This study indicates that the levels of inflammatory factors are closely related to bone mineral density in postmenopausal patients with type 2 diabetic nephropathy.

炎症因子,骨质疏松,2型糖尿病, Inflammatory Factors Osteoporosis Type 2 Diabetes
摘要

目的:探讨绝经后2型糖尿病肾病患者血清炎症因子水平与骨密度的相关性。方法:选择50例2019年1月至2021年3月以来于我院就诊的绝经后2型糖尿病肾病患者,收集患者的一般临床资料和炎症因子等指标进行相关性分析。结果:绝经后2型糖尿病肾病患者骨密度与CRP、TNF-α、IL-6呈负相关(r值分别为−0.284、−0.174、−0.097,均P < 0.05),而与IL-1β、IL-18无明显相关性。结论:本研究表明绝经后2型糖尿病肾病患者炎症因子水平与骨密度密切相关。

关键词

炎症因子,骨质疏松,2型糖尿病

Correlation between Inflammatory Factors and Bone Mineral Density in Postmenopausal Patients with Type 2 Diabetic Nephropathy<sup> </sup>

Jie Yu1, Tingting Yu2, Xuejuan Zhang3

1Health Center of Tianhengdao Provincial Tourism Resort, Jimo District, Qingdao Shandong

2Qingdao Jimo District People’s Hospital, Qingdao Shandong

3The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao Shandong

Received: Dec. 24th, 2021; accepted: Jan. 14th, 2022; published: Jan. 26th, 2022

ABSTRACT

Objective: To investigate the correlation between serum inflammatory factors and bone mineral density in postmenopausal patients with type 2 diabetic nephropathy. Methods: A total of 50 postmenopausal patients with type 2 diabetic nephropathy admitted to our hospital from January 2019 to March 2021 were selected, and their general clinical data and inflammatory factors and other indicators were collected for correlation analysis. Results: BMD was negatively correlated with CRP, TNF-α and IL-6 in postmenopausal patients with type 2 diabetic nephropathy (r = −0.284, −0.174, −0.097, all P < 0.05), but not with IL-1β and IL-18. Conclusions: This study indicates that the levels of inflammatory factors are closely related to bone mineral density in postmenopausal patients with type 2 diabetic nephropathy.

Keywords:Inflammatory Factors, Osteoporosis, Type 2 Diabetes

Copyright © 2022 by author(s) and beplay安卓登录

This work is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution International License (CC BY 4.0).

http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/

1. 引言

根据世界卫生组织数据,目前全世界糖尿病患者超过4.15亿,预计到2040年患病数可能会翻倍 [ 1 ]。糖尿病是一种复杂的代谢疾病,可以影响不同器官产生相应的并发症,比如肾脏疾病 [ 2 ] 以及骨质疏松 [ 3 ]。糖尿病肾脏病变是慢性微血管病,可以导致钙磷代谢紊乱 [ 4 ],女性绝经后雌激素的保护作用降低 [ 5 ],这两个因素都会加重骨质疏松。炎症因子在糖尿病导致的骨质疏松症中扮演重要角色,本研究主要探讨绝经后T2DM肾病患者炎症因子和骨密度的相关性。为高危患者的发病机制提供数据支持。

2. 临床资料 2.1. 研究对象选择

本研究纳入2019年1月至2021年3月在我院住院的50例绝经后2型糖尿病肾病患者,平均年龄(63.4 ± 6.8)岁,入选标准:① 绝经后状态定义为闭经超过2年;② 2型糖尿定义为符合2020年《中国2型糖尿病防治指南》诊断标准 [ 6 ];③ 糖尿病肾病定义为符合2021年《中国糖尿病肾脏病防治指南》肾功能分期在1~3期(GFR ≥ 30)的患者 [ 7 ];④ 骨质疏松符合2019年《原发性骨质疏松症基层诊疗指南》 [ 8 ],T值 ≥ −1.0为正常,−2.5 < T值 < −1.0为低骨量,T值 ≤ −2.5为骨质疏松;排除标准:① 除外无原发性肾病及其它原因导致的继发性肾病;② 除外既往有过病理性骨折和创伤性骨折,除外长期服用影响骨代谢药物患者。根据骨密度(Bone mineral density, BMD)水平将糖尿病患者分为BDM正常组25人和骨质疏松(OP)组25人。本研究通过我院伦理委员会批准,且参与者均签署知情同意书。

2.2. 数据收集

收集患者一般资料包括绝经时间、身高、体重,计算体重指数(BMI)。所有患者抽取晨起空腹静脉血,应用日立自动生化分析仪检测:空腹血糖(FBG)、C反应蛋白(CRP),肌酐(SCr),尿素氮(BUN),运用酶联免疫吸附(ELISIA)法检测肿瘤坏死因子(TNF-α)、白细胞介素6 (IL-6)、白细胞介素1β (IL-1β)、白细胞介素18 (IL-18)、脂联素(ADP)水平,患者脊柱骨密度通过双能X线骨密度测定仪(美国)测定。

2.3. 统计分析

使用SPSS 21.0软件处理数据,计量资料以均数 ± 标准差表示,两组间比较采用独立样本t检验,不符合正态分布的进行对数转换,并应用Pearson相关系数进行双变量相关分析,P < 0.05认为差异具有统计学意义。

3. 结果 3.1. 一般资料的比较

2组患者在年龄、绝经时间、24 h尿蛋白方面差异有统计学意义(P < 0.05),在BMI、FBG、SCr和BUN方面差异无统计学意义(P > 0.05) (见表1)。

Comparison of basic data in each grou
项目 BDM 正常组 OP 组 P值
年龄(岁) 65.50 ± 10.22 72.50 ± 9.68 <0.05
BMI (kg/m2) 26.50 ± 3.43 23.10 ± 4.19 0.75
绝经时间(年) 11.22 ± 7.8 18.17 ± 8.2 <0.05
FBG (mmol/l) 6.56 ± 0.45 7.10 ± 0.52 0.34
SCr (μmol/L) 77.26 ± 13.81 81.78 ± 14.42 0.23
BUN (mmol/L) 6.25 ± 3.81 6.59 ± 3.52 0.78
24 h尿蛋白(mg) 312.87 ± 437.93 695.85 ± 478.46 0.04

表1. 各组基础资料比较

3.2. 炎症因子水平的比较

2组绝经后2型糖尿病肾病患者,CRP、TNF-α、IL-6、IL-1β、IL-18及ADP均增高,2组患者在CRP、TNF-α及IL-6差异有统计学意义(均P < 0.05),而IL-1β、IL-18及ADP的变化无统计学意义(均P > 0.05) (见表2)。

Comparison of inflammatory factors in each grou
项目 BDM正常组 OP组 P值
CRP mg/L 6.75 ± 1.97 11.18 ± 1.33 <0.05
TNF-α pg/mL 8.17 ± 3.92 12.57 ± 3.12 <0.05
IL-6 pg/mL 1.10 ± 0.67 2.87 ± 0.30 <0.05
IL-1β pg/mL 1.23 ± 0.62 1.71 ± 0.75 0.58
IL-18 pg/mL 185.56 ± 21.79 188.48 ± 18.85 0.67
ADP ng/mL 11.6 ± 3.18 13.6 ± 3.62 0.06

表2. 各组炎症因子的比较

3.3. 骨密度与炎症因子相关性分析

以骨密度与血清炎症因子CRP、TNF-α、IL-6、IL-1β、IL-18作相关性分析,结果显示骨密度与CRP、TNF-α、IL-6呈负相关(r值分别为−0.284、−0.174、−0.097,均P < 0.05),而与IL-1β、IL-18无明显相关性(见表3)。

Correlation between bone mineral density and inflammatory factor
项目 r值 P值
CRP mg/L −0.284 <0.05
TNF-α pg/mL −0.174 <0.05
IL-6 pg/mL −0.097 <0.05
IL-1β pg/mL −0.039 0.73
IL-18 pg/mL −0.022 0.48

表3. 骨密度与炎症因子相关性

4. 讨论

年龄是骨质疏松的发展的一个非常重要的因素,本研究证实了这个观点,两组患者在年龄上有显著差异。雌激素可以对抗骨质疏松,对于老年患者是一个重要的保护作用 [ 9 ],在我们的研究中虽然没有直接检测患者雌激素的含量,但我们发现随着患者绝经时间的延长患者骨密度下降明显,间接证明了雌激素的重要性。

肾脏是调节钙和磷代谢的重要器官,参与骨化三醇和甲状旁腺激素的产生 [ 10 ]。本研究显示两组患者在SCr和BUN之间没有显著差异,但在24 h尿蛋白存在显著差异,血糖对肾脏微血管的作用,会导致蛋白尿的产生,作为糖尿病最重要的并发症,预防和管理T2DM患者肾脏病变,延缓肾脏的进展,对于改善骨质疏松也尤为重要。

T2DM患者血糖控制不佳,易导致氧化应激反应,常伴有炎症细胞因子改变,Narimiya等发现IL-6炎症因子表达增高,可以激活破骨细胞,可能会在加重骨质疏松 [ 11 ]。Stavros C Manolagas等认为IL-6和TNF-α这两种细胞因子可能与骨质流失有关 [ 12 ]。有研究显示CRP在1~2 mg/l时骨折风险最低,随着CRP水平的增高骨折风险随之增高 [ 13 ]。本研究患者中CRP、TNF-α、IL-6、IL-1β、IL-18均增高,骨质疏松组CRP、TNF-α及IL-6增加更显著。通过骨密度与炎症因子相关性的研究发现骨密度与CRP、TNF-α、IL-6呈负相关。ADP是一种生物活性肽,ADP的分泌和T2DM与血脂异常等疾病相关。有研究发现ADP水平与BMD呈负相关 [ 14 ]。本研究中2组患者ADP无显著差异,可能和目标对象都是T2DM患者有关。

5. 总结

综上所述,绝经后2型糖尿病肾病患者骨密度与炎症因子存在相关性,降低炎症因子水平可能在治疗骨质疏松方面有重要作用,测定其水平可以预测骨质疏松。

利益冲突

本人与其他作者宣称没有任何利益冲突,未接受任何不当的职务或财务利益。

作者贡献声明

于洁负责文章撰写;张雪娟负责总体修改;于婷婷参与数据收集、分析等。

文章引用

于 洁,于婷婷,张雪娟. 绝经后2型糖尿病肾病患者炎症因子与骨密度的相关性Correlation between Inflammatory Factors and Bone Mineral Density in Postmenopausal Patients with Type 2 Diabetic Nephropathy[J]. 临床医学进展, 2022, 12(01): 549-553. https://doi.org/10.12677/ACM.2022.121081

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