目的:探讨综合护理干预对慢性粒细胞白血病化疗患者负性情绪及生活质量的影响,为慢性粒细胞白血病化疗患者护理干预措施的制定提供科学依据。方法:选择2017年2月~2017年4月122例慢性粒细胞白血病患者作为研究对象,随机分为对照组和干预组各61例。对照组给予血液科常规护理及健康宣教、常规讲解化疗的毒副作用、饮食指导、注意事项等,密切观察患者病情及不良反应。干预组由血液专科主管护师及心理治疗师在对照组护理基础上,对患者及家属实施综合护理干预,观察两组负性情绪及生活质量的改善情况。结果:干预组与对照组比较患者出院后第1、3、6个月负性情绪均改善(P < 0.05),干预组干预后生活质量评分高于对照组(P < 0.05)。结论:综合护理干预措施可明显改善患者负性情绪和提高生活质量。 Objective: To explore the effect of comprehensive nursing intervention on negative emotion and quality of life of patients with chronic myeloid leukemia chemotherapy, and to provide scientific basis for the formulation of nursing intervention measures for patients with chronic myeloid leukemia chemotherapy. Methods: From February 2017 to April 2017, 122 patients with chronic myelogenous leukemia were selected as research objects, and randomly divided into control group and intervention group, with 61 cases in each group. The control group received routine care and health education in hematology department, routine explanation of toxic and side effects of chemotherapy, dietary guidance, precautions, etc., and close observation of patients’ conditions and adverse reactions. In the intervention group, on the basis of the nursing of the control group, nurses and psychotherapists in charge of hematology department implemented comprehensive nursing intervention for patients and their families, and observed the improvement of negative emotions and quality of life in the two groups. Results: Compared with the control group, the negative emotions were improved in the first, third and sixth months after discharge (P < 0.05), and the quality of life score after intervention in the intervention group was higher than that in the control group (P < 0.05). Conclusion: Comprehensive nursing intervention can obviously improve patients’ negative emotion and quality of life.
目的:探讨综合护理干预对慢性粒细胞白血病化疗患者负性情绪及生活质量的影响,为慢性粒细胞白血病化疗患者护理干预措施的制定提供科学依据。方法:选择2017年2月~2017年4月122例慢性粒细胞白血病患者作为研究对象,随机分为对照组和干预组各61例。对照组给予血液科常规护理及健康宣教、常规讲解化疗的毒副作用、饮食指导、注意事项等,密切观察患者病情及不良反应。干预组由血液专科主管护师及心理治疗师在对照组护理基础上,对患者及家属实施综合护理干预,观察两组负性情绪及生活质量的改善情况。结果:干预组与对照组比较患者出院后第1、3、6个月负性情绪均改善(P < 0.05),干预组干预后生活质量评分高于对照组(P < 0.05)。结论:综合护理干预措施可明显改善患者负性情绪和提高生活质量。
慢性粒细胞白血病,化疗,负性情绪,生活质量
Kaili Shu*, Pengbo Yan#, Li’e Qin, Jun Yu
Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Tianjin Beichen Hospital, Tianjin
Received: Nov. 25th, 2021; accepted: Dec. 21st, 2021; published: Dec. 30th, 2021
Objective: To explore the effect of comprehensive nursing intervention on negative emotion and quality of life of patients with chronic myeloid leukemia chemotherapy, and to provide scientific basis for the formulation of nursing intervention measures for patients with chronic myeloid leukemia chemotherapy. Methods: From February 2017 to April 2017, 122 patients with chronic myelogenous leukemia were selected as research objects, and randomly divided into control group and intervention group, with 61 cases in each group. The control group received routine care and health education in hematology department, routine explanation of toxic and side effects of chemotherapy, dietary guidance, precautions, etc., and close observation of patients’ conditions and adverse reactions. In the intervention group, on the basis of the nursing of the control group, nurses and psychotherapists in charge of hematology department implemented comprehensive nursing intervention for patients and their families, and observed the improvement of negative emotions and quality of life in the two groups. Results: Compared with the control group, the negative emotions were improved in the first, third and sixth months after discharge (P < 0.05), and the quality of life score after intervention in the intervention group was higher than that in the control group (P < 0.05). Conclusion: Comprehensive nursing intervention can obviously improve patients’ negative emotion and quality of life.
Keywords:Chronic Myelogenous Leukemia, Chemotherapy, Negative Emotion, The Quality of Life
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慢性粒细胞白血病(chronic myelogenous leukemia, CML)全世界年发病率约为0.01‰,美国2010年新发病例总数为4870例,其中死亡440例 [
经医院伦理委员会批准,选取2017年2月~2017年4月在我科就诊的慢性粒细胞白血病化疗患者为研究对象。纳入标准:① 确诊慢性粒细胞白血病并经化疗处于CR;② 已婚;③ 年龄25~45岁;④ 文化程度:初中以上;⑤ 精神记忆力正常,语言表达能力正常;⑥ 自愿参加本研究,并签署相关知情同意书。排除标准:① 精神病史、智力障碍的;② 心理及生理性疾病;③ 重要脏器功能衰竭;④ 未控制的心血管系统疾病;⑤ 化疗未达CR或有严重并发症。参加研究患者共122例,男78例,女44例,平均年龄(35.45 ± 7.38)岁。文化程度大专以下84例,大专及以上38例。随机分成对照组和干预组,每组各61例。两组在年龄、性别、文化程度、疾病种类、婚姻状况、化疗前生活状况等一般资料的差异无统计学意义(P > 0.05)。
按照血液科护理常规进行护理,包括健康教育、常规讲解化疗的毒副作用、饮食指导、注意事项等,密切观察患者病情及不良反应。
血液专科主管护师及心理治疗师在患者住院期间对患者及家庭成员进行干预。干预内容包括:① 疾病认知干预:根据患者的性格特点、尊重家属的意见,采用循序渐进的方法,让患者知道自身疾病诊断,在化疗前向患者及家属讲解疾病相关知识,树立正确疾病观念,合理调整心理情绪及应对措施,使其配合临床治疗和护理。② 认知行为干预:即根据认知过程影响情感和行为的理论假设。通过认知行为技术来改变患者不良认知的心理干预方法的总称 [
采用焦虑自评量表(SAS)和抑郁自评量表(SDS) [
所有数据用SPSS 18.0统计分析软件进行数据整理和分析,两组患者比较计数资料采用X2检验,计量资料采用t检验,P < 0.05或P < 0.01差异有统计学意义。
入院对照组与干预组SAS、SDS进行评分,二者无统计学差异(P > 0.05);第1月、第3月、第6月分别对对照组与干预组进行SAS评分,对照组与干预组SAS、SDS评分均有统计学差异(P < 0.01) (见表1)。
组别 | SAS评分 | SDS评分 | ||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
入院时 | 1月 | 3月 | 6月 | 入院时 | 1月 | 3月 | 6月 | |
对照组(n = 61) | 62.8 ± 5.1 | 53.7 ± 3.8 | 43.1 ± 3.9 | 44.2 ± 3.7 | 62.6 ± 4.1 | 52.5 ± 4.4 | 41.7 ± 4.3 | 35.6 ± 3.9 |
干预组(n = 61) | 61.5 ± 4.7 | 47.8 ± 4.0 | 37.2 ± 3.9 | 29.2 ± 3.1 | 63.2 ± 5.2 | 44.1 ± 4.0 | 38.3 ± 3.6 | 30.2 ± 2.7 |
T值 | 1.649 | 8.356 | 8.356 | 24.311 | −0.708 | 11.052 | 4.741 | 8.910 |
P值 | >0.05 | <0.01 | <0.01 | <0.01 | >0.05 | <0.01 | <0.01 | <0.01 |
表1. 两组患者SAS、SDS评分比较
组别 | N | 躯体功能 | 心理功能 | 社会功能 | 物质生活 | 总生活质量 |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
观察组 | 61 | |||||
干预前 | 44.56 ± 4.77 | 45.82 ± 4.34 | 51.11 ± 5.07 | 49.76 ± 4.53 | 70.22 ± 4.61 | |
干预后 | 53.44 ± 5.01 | 55.36 ± 6.62 | 60.16 ± 7.57 | 58.24 ± 5.04 | 84.55 ± 6.11 | |
T值 | 10.0260 | 9.4129 | 7.7583 | 9.7741 | 5.8265 | |
P值 | <0.05 | <0.05 | <0.05 | <0.05 | <0.05 | |
对照组 | 61 | |||||
干预前 | 46.07 ± 4.62 | 49.14 ± 4.87 | 51.19 ± 4.25 | 49.38 ± 3.91 | 71.62 ± 4.32 | |
干预后 | 49.88 ± 4.54 | 52.21 ± 5.33 | 55.47 ± 5.61 | 54.71 ± 4.41 | 77.33 ± 5.82 | |
T值 | 4.5942 | 3.3211 | 4.7498 | 7.0633 | 6.1530 | |
P值 | <0.05 | <0.05 | <0.05 | <0.05 | <0.05 |
表2. 两组患者生活质量评分比较(分,x ± s)
组别 | N | 躯体功能 | 心理功能 | 社会功能 | 物质生活 | 总生活质量 |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
干预后 | 61 | 53.44 ± 5.01 | 55.36 ± 6.62 | 60.16 ± 7.57 | 58.24 ± 5.04 | 84.55 ± 6.11 |
干预后 | 61 | 49.88 ± 4.54 | 52.21 ± 5.33 | 55.47 ± 5.61 | 54.71 ± 4.41 | 77.33 ± 5.82 |
T值 | 4.1123 | 2.8952 | 3.8876 | 4.1171 | 6.6827 | |
P 值 | <0.05 | <0.05 | <0.05 | <0.05 | <0.05 |
表3. 两组患者干预后生活质量评分比较(分,x ± s)
心理社会因素在疾病治疗中起着关键作用。癌症患者的负性情绪必然影响治疗,然而有效心理干预可以减少患者的负性情绪 [
本研究通过家庭社会支持系统、用药指导、饮食指导、就医环境和出院指导干预结果显示干预组干预后生活质量评分高于对照组(P < 0.05)。国内外学者均认为,癌症给人体带来多方面的损害,使生活质量降低 [
通过综合护理干预可以有效缓解患者抑郁、焦虑、紧张等负性情绪、提高患者生活质量,从而使他们积极地配合治疗,获得更佳的治疗效果、更长的生存期及更优的生存质量。研究中提出的九项干预措施简单易行,无场所的限制且经济可行,值得在临床中推广应用。
舒开丽,燕朋波,秦立娥,于 军. 综合护理干预对慢性粒细胞白血病化疗患者负性情绪及生活质量的影响 Effect of Comprehensive Nursing Intervention on Negative Emotion and Quality of Life of Patients with Chronic Myeloid Leukemia Undergoing Chemotherapy[J]. 护理学, 2021, 10(06): 824-829. https://doi.org/10.12677/NS.2021.106132
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