目的:探讨小肠异物致嵌顿性股疝穿孔的临床特点、诊断及治疗。方法:回顾性分析南昌大学第二附属医院胃肠外科2021年2月收治的一名小肠异物致嵌顿性股疝穿孔患者的临床资料。结果:术前盆腔CT提示左侧腹股沟管扩大,部分小肠疝入,其内可见一高密度影。腹腔镜探查发现左股静脉内侧股管处可见小肠肠管疝入,牵拉肠管可见肠管卡压处有长约3 cm鱼刺刺破肠管,嵌顿处肠管可见一圈发黑,术中诊断为“左侧嵌顿性股疝”,予以行“腹腔镜左侧股疝补片修补术 + 小肠部分切除术”,术后恢复顺利,痊愈出院。结论:小肠异物致嵌顿性股疝穿孔,临床上极为少见,术前诊断及术中及时发现异物极为重要,需引起广大临床医师的重视。
Objective: To investigate the clinical features, diagnosis and treatment of enteric foreign bodies with incarcerated femoral hernia. Methods: The clinical data of a patient with intestinal foreign body with incarcerated femoral hernia admitted in Department of gastrointestinal surgery, Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University in February 2021 were analyzed retrospectively. Results: Preoperative pelvic CT showed that the left inguinal canal was enlarged, part of the small intestine was herniated, and a high-density shadow could be seen in it. Laparoscopic exploration found that there was a small intestinal hernia in the femoral tube of the left femoral vein, a fish bone about 3 cm long punctured the intestinal tube at the compression of the intestinal tube at the traction, and a circle of blackening at the incarcerated intestinal tube. During the operation, it was diagnosed as “left incarcerated femoral hernia”, and “laparoscopic left femoral hernia patch repair + partial small bowel resection” was performed. The postoperative recovery was smooth and the patient was discharged. Conclusion: Intestinal foreign body with incarcerated femoral hernia is very rare in clinical practice. Preoperative diagnosis and intraoperative discovery of foreign bodies are very important, which should be paid attention to by clinicians.
目的:探讨小肠异物致嵌顿性股疝穿孔的临床特点、诊断及治疗。方法:回顾性分析南昌大学第二附属医院胃肠外科2021年2月收治的一名小肠异物致嵌顿性股疝穿孔患者的临床资料。结果:术前盆腔CT提示左侧腹股沟管扩大,部分小肠疝入,其内可见一高密度影。腹腔镜探查发现左股静脉内侧股管处可见小肠肠管疝入,牵拉肠管可见肠管卡压处有长约3 cm鱼刺刺破肠管,嵌顿处肠管可见一圈发黑,术中诊断为“左侧嵌顿性股疝”,予以行“腹腔镜左侧股疝补片修补术 + 小肠部分切除术”,术后恢复顺利,痊愈出院。结论:小肠异物致嵌顿性股疝穿孔,临床上极为少见,术前诊断及术中及时发现异物极为重要,需引起广大临床医师的重视。
股疝,嵌顿,异物,鱼刺,肠穿孔
Meng Shi, Liang Yang, Feng Huang, Wenjie Cao, Weidong Liu, Tian Xu, Xiaorong Deng*
Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang Jiangxi
Received: Jun. 21st, 2021; accepted: Sep. 1st, 2021; published: Sep. 8th, 2021
Objective: To investigate the clinical features, diagnosis and treatment of enteric foreign bodies with incarcerated femoral hernia. Methods: The clinical data of a patient with intestinal foreign body with incarcerated femoral hernia admitted in Department of gastrointestinal surgery, Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University in February 2021 were analyzed retrospectively. Results: Preoperative pelvic CT showed that the left inguinal canal was enlarged, part of the small intestine was herniated, and a high-density shadow could be seen in it. Laparoscopic exploration found that there was a small intestinal hernia in the femoral tube of the left femoral vein, a fish bone about 3 cm long punctured the intestinal tube at the compression of the intestinal tube at the traction, and a circle of blackening at the incarcerated intestinal tube. During the operation, it was diagnosed as “left incarcerated femoral hernia”, and “laparoscopic left femoral hernia patch repair + partial small bowel resection” was performed. The postoperative recovery was smooth and the patient was discharged. Conclusion: Intestinal foreign body with incarcerated femoral hernia is very rare in clinical practice. Preoperative diagnosis and intraoperative discovery of foreign bodies are very important, which should be paid attention to by clinicians.
Keywords:Femoral Hernia, Incarceration, Foreign Body, Bones, Intestinal Perforation
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腹外疝是腹部外科最常见的疾病之一,其中以腹股沟疝发生率最高,占90%以上,股疝次之,占5%左右。股疝患者,由于股管几乎是垂直向下的,疝内容物似直线状下坠,加上股环本身狭小,周围韧带坚韧,因此容易发生嵌顿和绞窄。肠道异物在临床并不少见,多数患者无临床症状,异物多能通过肛门自行排出,但也有些病人因异物排出困难或有并发症则需要手术治疗。小肠异物致嵌顿性股疝穿孔临床少见,国内外文献鲜有报道。本文报道南昌大学第二附属医院胃肠外科2021年收治的1例小肠异物致嵌顿性股疝穿孔诊治体会。
患者女性,75岁,因发现左侧腹股沟区肿物伴胀痛5天,于2021年02月23日以“左侧嵌顿性腹股沟疝”收入院。患者发病来,大小便正常。既往曾于36年前行子宫切除术,无高血压、糖尿病等慢性病史,无结核、乙肝等传染病史。入院查体:神志清楚,生命体征平稳,心肺查体未见阳性体征,左侧腹股沟内下方可触及一边界不清肿物,鸽蛋大小,伴轻压痛,腹平坦,腹肌软,全腹无明显压痛、反跳痛及肌紧张,肠鸣音正常。盆腔CT提示左侧腹股沟管扩大,见部分小肠疝入,其内可见一高密度影,见图1。体表包块彩超提示左侧腹股沟区可见一不规则异常混合回声团块,其间尚可见闪动的气体回声和肠蠕动,CDFI于其内可探及少许点状血流信号,见图2。血常规、凝血功能、肝功能、肾功能、电解质等检查均未见明显异常。入院诊断:左侧嵌顿性腹股沟疝。
完善术前准备后,于2021年2月26日在全麻下行腹腔镜探查,术中发现左股静脉内侧股管处可见小肠肠管疝入,牵拉肠管可见肠管卡压处有长约3 cm鱼刺刺破肠管,嵌顿处肠管可见一圈发黑,见图3、图4;余肠管未见明显异常,右侧腹股沟区未见异常。术中诊断:1、左侧嵌顿性股疝,2、胃肠道异物。取出鱼骨,予以行“腹腔镜左侧股疝补片修补术 + 小肠部分切除术”,然后予以生理盐水冲洗腹腔,放置引流管。
图1. 盆腔CT提示左侧腹股沟管扩大,见部分小肠疝入,其内可见一高密度影
图2. 左侧腹股沟区可见一不规则异常混合回声团块,其间尚可见闪动的气体回声和肠蠕动,CDFI于其内可探及少许点状血流信号
图3. 术中取出的鱼骨,长约3 cm
图4. 术中见股管处小肠肠管疝入,可见一圈发黑,两处破口
术后追问病史,患者诉10日前,有意外吞食鱼刺史。术后予禁食、抗感染、营养补液等对症支持处理,9日后拆线,切口Ⅰ期愈合出院。
肠道异物是临床常见疾病,以6个月~5岁的儿童多见 [
股疝是一种常见疾病,是体内脏器或组织由股环、经股管向卵圆窝突出的腹外疝,发病率约占腹外疝的3%~5%,多见于40岁以上女性 [
小肠异物致嵌顿性疝穿孔临床少见,部分患者腹膜炎症状不典型,极易漏诊误诊,多数是在术中才发现异物存在,国内外鲜有相关文献报道。Akhtar等人报告了3例肠道异物病例,其中有2例分别与造口旁疝和切口疝相关 [
本案例中,该患者腹膜炎症状不典型,术前盆腔CT发现疝囊高密度影误以为粪石,术中才发现小肠嵌顿处鱼骨刺破肠管,分析其发病过程可能是肠管进入疝囊时,肠管内的鱼骨恰好穿过疝环进入疝囊,当疝囊内肠管回缩腹腔时,鱼骨无法通过疝环,导致部分肠管无法回缩,继而穿孔。幸运的是,该患者及时行手术治疗,并且在术中发现异物,未造成严重后果。
本例治疗体会:(1) 腹外疝患者伴疼痛,不可仅满足于嵌顿疝诊断,要考虑到合并肠道异物,详细询问病史,必要时完善相关影像学检查,结合临床资料综合分析,排除异物的可能,本案例患者术前盆腔CT检查已发现疝囊高密度影,但当时未予以重视,未进一步询问有无吞食异物病史。(2) 对于怀疑嵌顿的腹外疝患者应尽快手术,推荐腹腔镜手术,不仅可以减少创伤和感染,而且可以防止异物对术者造成伤害。(3) 腹外疝手术应充分探查腹腔,不仅要检查肠管有无穿孔坏死,还需仔细检查有无异物,有些患者无意间吞食异物穿孔,腹膜炎症状也不典型,不可放松警惕,手术完毕前应该再探查1次,防止有异物遗留。
施 猛,杨 亮,黄 枫,曹文杰,刘伟东,许 添,邓小荣. 小肠异物致嵌顿性股疝穿孔1例A Case of Intestinal Foreign Body Causing Perforation of Incarcerated Femoral Hernia[J]. 亚洲外科手术病例研究, 2021, 10(03): 51-55. https://doi.org/10.12677/ACRS.2021.103008
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