2020年7月20日,在湖南壶瓶山国家级自然保护区(29.9616522˚N,110.6883177˚E,海拔346 m)采集到1只体型较小的雌性管鼻蝠,基于形态特征和线粒体Cyt b基因序列分析,将其鉴定为蝙蝠科管鼻蝠属艾氏管鼻蝠(Murina eleryi)。该蝠种在湖南省的首次分布记录是2007年7月17日在永顺县小溪国家级自然保护区境内采集的一只雄性标本。本次艾氏管鼻蝠雌性个体的发现不仅是在湖南省境内的再次分布记录,而且也将其分布北缘移到了北纬30˚附近,是目前已知该物种的最北分布记录。标本保存在湖南壶瓶山国家级自然保护区管理局野生动物标本室。 On the 20th of July, a small female tube-nosed bat was collected in the Hupingshan National Nature Reserve (29.9616522˚N, 110.6883177˚E, altitude 346 m), Shimen County, Hunan Province. Based on both the morphological characteristics and mitochondrial Cyt b gene sequence analysis, it was identified as Eleryi’s Tube-nosed bat (Murina eleryi) of Vespertilionidae. The first distribution record of this species in Hunan Province was a male specimen collected in the Xiaoxi National Na-ture Reserve in Yongshun County on July 17, 2007. This record was not only the second in Hunan Province, but also moved the northern margin of its distribution to about 30˚ North Latitude, which was the northernmost so far. The specimen has been preserved in the Wildlife Collection of Hunan Hupingshan National Nature Reserve Administration.
2020年7月20日,在湖南壶瓶山国家级自然保护区(29.9616522˚N,110.6883177˚E,海拔346 m)采集到1只体型较小的雌性管鼻蝠,基于形态特征和线粒体Cyt b基因序列分析,将其鉴定为蝙蝠科管鼻蝠属艾氏管鼻蝠(Murina eleryi)。该蝠种在湖南省的首次分布记录是2007年7月17日在永顺县小溪国家级自然保护区境内采集的一只雄性标本。本次艾氏管鼻蝠雌性个体的发现不仅是在湖南省境内的再次分布记录,而且也将其分布北缘移到了北纬30˚附近,是目前已知该物种的最北分布记录。标本保存在湖南壶瓶山国家级自然保护区管理局野生动物标本室。
翼手目(蝙蝠),管鼻蝠属,艾氏管鼻蝠,湖南省
Jiaoyang He1, Taifu Huang1,2, Neng Jiang1, Yun Huang1, Yifeng Zheng1, Zhixiao Liu1*
1College of Biology and Environmental Sciences, Jishou University, Jishou Hunan
2Administrative Bureau of Hupingshan National Nature Reserve, Shimen Hunan
Received: Feb. 14th, 2021; accepted: Mar. 15th, 2021; published: Mar. 22nd, 2021
On the 20thof July, a small female tube-nosed bat was collected in the Hupingshan National Nature Reserve (29.9616522˚N, 110.6883177˚E, altitude 346 m), Shimen County, Hunan Province. Based on both the morphological characteristics and mitochondrial Cyt b gene sequence analysis, it was identified as Eleryi’s Tube-nosed bat (Murina eleryi) of Vespertilionidae. The first distribution record of this species in Hunan Province was a male specimen collected in the Xiaoxi National Nature Reserve in Yongshun County on July 17, 2007. This record was not only the second in Hunan Province, but also moved the northern margin of its distribution to about 30˚ North Latitude, which was the northernmost so far. The specimen has been preserved in the Wildlife Collection of Hunan Hupingshan National Nature Reserve Administration.
Keywords:Chiroptera (Bats), Murina (Tube-Nosed Bat), Murina eleryi, Hunan Province
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艾氏管鼻蝠(Murina eleryi)隶属于翼手目(Chiroptera)蝙蝠科(Vespertilionidae) [
2020年7月20日,在壶瓶山国家级自然保护区江坪社区(29.9616522˚N,110.6883177˚E,海拔346 m)的一个峡谷的停车场附近采集到该标本。用手将其捕获后装入布袋,并记录标本编号为Bf2020-8。按照文献 [
该标本体型较小,体重5.0 g,前臂长29.91 mm (表1)。通过生殖器和胸部乳腺观察,将其确认为雌性,其鼻吻部呈短管状突出,鼻孔朝向外侧。背毛毛基呈灰色,毛尖黄褐色,腹毛毛基黑褐色,毛尖灰白色,腹部两侧和上胸部更接近亮褐色,尾膜和后足背面覆有浓密黄褐色毛发。耳壳较为短圆,尖端有横沟,耳屏细长,超过耳长之半。翼膜呈黑褐色,从体侧向后延伸,连附于后足第一趾的近中部(图1)。
扩增的Cyt b基因序列长度为1140 bp,经NCBI Blast检测,显示其与艾氏管鼻蝠(Murina eleryi) (登录号:GQ168908)的序列具有99%的相似度。下载所有的艾氏管鼻蝠Cytb基因序列,采用MEGA7软件,以邻接法(Neighbor-joining, NJ)构建系统发育树 [
外形 External measurement | 湖南(本文) Hunan(This paper, 1♀) | 湖南 [
|
广西 [
|
---|---|---|---|
体重body mass (g) | 5.00 | 3.0~4.0 | |
头体长Head and body length (mm) | 34.69 | 29.9 | |
尾长Tail length (mm) | 35.02 | 24.5 | |
后足长Hindfoot length (mm) | 6.28 | 6.2 | |
耳长Ear length (mm) | 11.74 | 9.9 | |
耳屏长Tragus length (mm) | 6.96 | 5.9 | |
前臂长Forearm length (mm) | 29.91 | 26.3 | 26.5~27.3 |
胫骨长Tibia length (mm) | 12.56 | 13.0 | 12.2~13.5 |
第三掌骨长Third metacarpal (mm) | 27.98 | 25.2 | 23.5~25.6 |
第三掌骨第一指骨长 Proximal phalange of third metacarpal (mm) | 12.11 | 10.9 | 10.1~11.0 |
第三掌骨第二指骨长 Distal phalange of third metacarpal (mm) | 16.10 | 10.1 | 9.2~10.4 |
第四掌骨Fourth metacarpal (mm) | 27.87 | 25.2 | 23.7~25.5 |
第四掌骨第一指骨长 Proximal phalange of fourth metacarpal (mm) | 7.94 | ||
第四掌骨第二指骨长 Distal phalange of fourth metacarpal (mm) | 8.66 | ||
第五掌骨Fifth metacarpal (mm) | 27.51 | 25.8 | 24.3~25.5 |
第五掌骨第一指骨长 Proximal phalange of fifth metacarpal (mm) | 8.77 | ||
第五掌骨第二指骨长 Distal phalange of Fifth metacarpal (mm) | 9.92 |
表1. 艾氏管鼻蝠的外形量度(单位:g, mm)
图1. 艾氏管鼻蝠的外形照片。(a) 背面观;(b) 腹面观
图2. 基于艾氏管鼻蝠线粒体Cyt b基因构建的NJ树
艾氏管鼻蝠是Furey et al.于2009年发表的新种,其模式标本采于越南北部 [
艾氏管鼻蝠的分布从老挝和越南的中北部,经广西、广东,直到贵州和湖南境内(图4) [
图3. 艾氏管鼻蝠和金管鼻蝠的头骨及牙齿侧面观(Furey et al., 2009) [
图4. 艾氏管鼻蝠在中国的已知分布点。注:红旗为以前已知的分布点,黄旗为本次新发现的分布点
艾氏管鼻蝠主要生活在热带或亚热带的林区,可能主要栖息于南方喀斯特林区及农区,虽然分布范围较广,但其种群数量极为稀少,应予以保护。
石门县壶瓶山管理局“壶瓶山保护区小型兽类资源调查专项(2020-2021)”;全国大学生创新创业训练项目”(S202010531023);国家生态环境部生物多样性调查评估项目“武陵山生物多样性优先区域东北部湖南地区哺乳动物多样性调查与评估”(2019HJ2096001006)。
何娇阳,黄太福,蒋 能,黄 昀,郑义锋,刘志霄. 湖南省再次发现艾氏管鼻蝠Murina eleryi Recorded Again in Hunan Province[J]. 世界生态学, 2021, 10(02): 139-144. https://doi.org/10.12677/IJE.2021.102015
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