目的:探讨血清CA724、CEA、CA242、CA199联合检验对胃癌的诊断价值。方法:选取2014年2月至2018年1月医院收治的158例胃癌患者作为研究组,依据TNM分期标准分为I~II期组84例和III~IV期组74例;因胃部或上消化道系统症状行胃镜检查90例患者作为对照组,其中胃上皮瘤变48例,慢性萎缩性胃炎42例。抽取2组受试对象肘静脉血5 mL,采用化学发光免疫分析检测血清糖类抗原724 (Carbohydrate antigen724, CA724)、糖类抗原199 (Carbohydrate antigen199, CA199)表达水平,放射免疫法检测糖类抗原242 (Carbohydrate antigen242, CA242)水平,酶联免疫吸附试验法检测癌胚抗原(Carcinoembryonic antigen, CEA)水平,根据血清CA724、CEA、CA242、CA199表达水平绘制ROC曲线,对各指标ROC曲线进行分析。结果:研究组CA724、CEA、CA242、CA199表达水平明显高于对照组[(12.77 ± 2.61), (28.36 ± 7.30), (33.36 ± 9.31), (47.31 ± 11.61) vs (8.58 ± 2.87), (20.64 ± 6.99), (24.87 ± 8.90), (40.51 ± 9.20)] (U/mL),差异具有统计学意义(t = 11.697, 8.133, 7.018, 4.763, P < 0.05);III~IV期胃癌患者血清CA724、CEA、CA242、CA199水平明显高于I~II期[(14.77 ± 1.57), (33.77 ± 4.55), (41.27 ± 5.96), (53.97 ± 7.04) vs (10.95 ± 1.95), (23.47 ± 5.68), (26.23 ± 5.03), (42.49 ± 9.11)] (U/mL),差异具有统计学意义(t = 13.426, 12.483, 17.185, 12.617, P < 0.05)。Logistic回归分析显示,CA724、CEA、CA242、CA199是胃癌的独立危险因素,差异具有统计学意义(P < 0.05);ROC曲线分析显示,血清CA724鉴别胃癌和对照组的AUC为0.864、CEA为0.784、CA242为0.743、CA199为0.692,联合检验为0.940;其中联合检验明显高于CA724、CEA、CA242、CA199单独检测(Z = 4.012, 5.648, 6.680, 7.193, P < 0.05)。结论:胃癌患者血清CA724、CEA、CA242、CA199显著升高,联合检验可提高胃癌的诊断价值,能够为胃癌治疗方案提供可靠依据。 Objective: To investigate the diagnostic value of serum CA724, CEA, CA242, CA199 for gastric cancer. Method: A total of 158 patients with gastric cancer who were treated in the hospital from February 2014 to January 2018 were selected as the study group. According to the TNM staging criteria, they were divided into the stage I~II group (84 cases) and the stage III~IV group (74 cases). 90 patients with systemic symptoms underwent gastroscopy were selected as the control group, which included 48 cases of gastric epithelioma and 42 cases of chronic atrophic gastritis. The expression levels of carbohydrate antigen 724 (CA724) and carbohydrate antigen 199 (CA199) in two groups were detected by chemiluminescence immunoassay, the carbohydrate antigen 242 (CA242) levels were detected by using radioimmunoassay, and the carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA) levels were detected by using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. The ROC curves were drawn according to the serum CA724, CEA, CA242, CA199 expression levels, and the ROC curves of each index were analyzed. Results: The expression levels of CA724, CEA, CA242, CA199 in the study group were significantly higher than those in the control group [(12.77 ± 2.61), (28.36 ± 7.30), (33.36 ± 9.31), (47.31 ± 11.61) vs (8.58 ± 2.87), (20.64 ± 6.99), (24.87 ± 8.90), (40.51 ± 9.20)] (U/mL), and the differences were statistically significant (t = 11.697, 8.133, 7.018, 4.763, P < 0.05). Serum CA724, CEA, CA242, CA199 levels in patients with stage III~IV gastric cancer are significantly higher than those in stage I~II [(14.77 ± 1.57), (33.77 ± 4.55), (41.27 ± 5.96), (53.97 ± 7.04) vs (10.95 ± 1.95), (23.47 ± 5.68), (26.23 ± 5.03), (42.49 ± 9.11)] (U/mL), and the differences were statistically significant (t = 13.426, 12.483, 17.185, 12.617, P < 0.05). Logistic regression analysis showed that CA724, CEA, CA242, and CA199 are independent risk factors for gastric cancer, and the differences were statistically significant (P < 0.05). ROC curve analysis showed that serum CA724 identified gastric cancer and the control group with an AUC of 0.864, CEA of 0.784, CA242 of 0.743, CA199 of 0.692, and combined test of 0.940. The AUC of the combined test was significantly higher than the individual tests of CA724, CEA, CA242, and CA199 alone (Z = 4.012, 5.648, 6.680, 7.193, P < 0.05). Conclusion: The serum levels of CA724, CEA, CA242, and CA199 in gastric cancer patients are significantly increased, the combined test of which can improve the diagnostic value of gastric cancer, which can provide a reliable basis for gastric cancer treatment options.
宋诗1,2,王丽丽2,潘妮2,齐卫卫1,邱文生1*
1青岛大学附属医院肿瘤科,山东 青岛
2日照市中心医院,山东 日照
收稿日期:2020年7月26日;录用日期:2020年8月11日;发布日期:2020年8月18日
目的:探讨血清CA724、CEA、CA242、CA199联合检验对胃癌的诊断价值。方法:选取2014年2月至2018年1月医院收治的158例胃癌患者作为研究组,依据TNM分期标准分为I~II期组84例和III~IV期组74例;因胃部或上消化道系统症状行胃镜检查90例患者作为对照组,其中胃上皮瘤变48例,慢性萎缩性胃炎42例。抽取2组受试对象肘静脉血5 mL,采用化学发光免疫分析检测血清糖类抗原724 (Carbohydrate antigen724, CA724)、糖类抗原199 (Carbohydrate antigen199, CA199)表达水平,放射免疫法检测糖类抗原242 (Carbohydrate antigen242, CA242)水平,酶联免疫吸附试验法检测癌胚抗原(Carcinoembryonic antigen, CEA)水平,根据血清CA724、CEA、CA242、CA199表达水平绘制ROC曲线,对各指标ROC曲线进行分析。结果:研究组CA724、CEA、CA242、CA199表达水平明显高于对照组[(12.77 ± 2.61), (28.36 ± 7.30), (33.36 ± 9.31), (47.31 ± 11.61) vs (8.58 ± 2.87), (20.64 ± 6.99), (24.87 ± 8.90), (40.51 ± 9.20)] (U/mL),差异具有统计学意义(t = 11.697, 8.133, 7.018, 4.763, P < 0.05);III~IV期胃癌患者血清CA724、CEA、CA242、CA199水平明显高于I~II期[(14.77 ± 1.57), (33.77 ± 4.55), (41.27 ± 5.96), (53.97 ± 7.04) vs (10.95 ± 1.95), (23.47 ± 5.68), (26.23 ± 5.03), (42.49 ± 9.11)] (U/mL),差异具有统计学意义(t = 13.426, 12.483, 17.185, 12.617, P < 0.05)。Logistic回归分析显示,CA724、CEA、CA242、CA199是胃癌的独立危险因素,差异具有统计学意义(P < 0.05);ROC曲线分析显示,血清CA724鉴别胃癌和对照组的AUC为0.864、CEA为0.784、CA242为0.743、CA199为0.692,联合检验为0.940;其中联合检验明显高于CA724、CEA、CA242、CA199单独检测(Z = 4.012, 5.648, 6.680, 7.193, P < 0.05)。结论:胃癌患者血清CA724、CEA、CA242、CA199显著升高,联合检验可提高胃癌的诊断价值,能够为胃癌治疗方案提供可靠依据。
关键词 :胃癌,糖类抗原724,癌胚抗原,糖类抗原242,糖类抗原199
Copyright © 2020 by author(s) and beplay安卓登录
This work is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution International License (CC BY 4.0).
http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
胃癌(Gastric Cancer, GC)是消化系统常见的恶性肿瘤,其发病率是各类恶性肿瘤的第4位,死亡率居于第2位,严重威胁人们的生命健康 [
本研究经医院伦理委员会审核并批准。选取2014年2月至2018年1月医院收治的158例胃癌患者作为研究组,男94例,女64例,年龄45~76岁,平均(58.94 ± 5.03)岁。依据美国癌症联合委员会(American Joint Committee on Cancer, AJCC) [
所有研究对象均于清晨空腹采集外周静脉血5 mL,采用TDZ5-BP医用离心机(长沙湘锐离心机有限公司)在室温下以3000 r/min离心10 min (离心半径800×g),取上层血清,置于−20℃冰箱内保存待测。采用化学发光免疫分析(chemiluminescence immunoassay, CLIA)检测血清CA724、CA199表达水平,仪器为罗氏cobas e 411全自动化学发光免疫分析仪,试剂盒购自瑞士罗氏公司;放射免疫法检测CA242水平,试剂盒购自上海基免实业有限公司;酶联免疫吸附试验法检测CEA水平,试剂盒购自上海润裕生物科技有限公司,所有检测均严格按照试剂盒说明书在实验室内完成。
采用SPSS22.0统计学软件对数据进行处理,计量资料采用 x ¯ ± s表示,两组间比较采用t检验。计数资料采用百分比表示,差异用卡方或Fishers精确概率法。Logistic回归分析影响胃癌的独立危险因素;根据CA724、CEA、CA242、CA199表达水平绘制工作特征曲线(receiver operator characteristic curve, ROC),确定最佳临界值,参考ROC曲线下面积(Area Under Curve, AUC)评价各检测指标的诊断效能,以P < 0.05表示差异有统计学意义。
研究组CA724、CEA、CA242、CA199表达水平明显高于对照组,差异具有统计学意义(P < 0.05),见表1。
组别 | 例数 | CA724 | CEA | CA242 | CA199 |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
研究组 | 158 | 12.77 ± 2.61 | 28.36 ± 7.30 | 33.36 ± 9.31 | 47.31 ± 11.61 |
对照组 | 90 | 8.58 ± 2.87 | 20.64 ± 6.99 | 24.87 ± 8.90 | 40.51 ± 9.20 |
t值 | 11.697 | 8.133 | 7.018 | 4.763 | |
P值 | 0.000 | 0.000 | 0.000 | 0.000 |
表1. 2组研究对象CA724、CEA、CA242、CA199表达水平( x ¯ ± s, U/mL)
III~IV期胃癌患者血清CA724、CEA、CA242、CA199水平明显高于I~II期,差异具有统计学意义(P < 0.05),见表2。
组别 | 例数 | CA724 | CEA | CA242 | CA199 |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
I~Ⅱ期 | 84 | 10.95 ± 1.95 | 23.47 ± 5.68 | 26.23 ± 5.03 | 42.49 ± 9.11 |
Ⅲ~Ⅳ期 | 74 | 14.77 ± 1.57 | 33.77 ± 4.55 | 41.27 ± 5.96 | 53.97 ± 7.04 |
t值 | 13.426 | 12.483 | 17.185 | 12.617 | |
P值 | 0.000 | 0.000 | 0.000 | 0.000 |
表2. 不同分期胃癌患者血清CA724、CEA、CA242、CA199表达水平( x ¯ ± s, U/mL)
Logistic回归分析显示,CA724、CEA、CA242、CA199是胃癌的独立危险因素,差异具有统计学意义(P < 0.05),见表3。
自变量 | β | SE | Wald | P | OR | 95% CI |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
CA724 | 0.562 | 0.093 | 36.422 | 0.000 | 0.570 | 0.475~0.684 |
CEA | 0.148 | 0.032 | 21.401 | 0.000 | 0.862 | 0.810~0.918 |
CA242 | 0.097 | 0.025 | 14.568 | 0.000 | 0.908 | 0.864~0.954 |
CA199 | 0.081 | 0.021 | 15.205 | 0.000 | 0.922 | 0.885~0.960 |
表3. 胃癌多因素Logistic回归分析
ROC曲线分析显示,血清CA724鉴别胃癌和对照组的AUC 为0.864、CEA为0.784、CA242为0.743、CA199为0.692,联合检验为0.940;其中联合检验明显高于CA724、CEA、CA242、CA199单独检测(Z = 4.012, 5.648, 6.680, 7.193, P < 0.05),见表4,图1、图2。
指标 | 特异性 | 敏感性 | Youden指数J | 截断值 | AUC (95%CI) |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
CA724 | 81.11% | 75.95% | 0.571 | 10.94 (U/mL) | 0.864 (0.817~0.910) |
CEA | 62.33% | 82.91% | 0.462 | 21.57 (U/mL) | 0.784 (0.725~0.844) |
CA242 | 65.56% | 72.15% | 0.377 | 27.94 (U/mL) | 0.743 (0.680~0.805) |
CA199 | 73.33% | 61.39% | 0.347 | 44.92 (U/mL) | 0.692 (0.625~0.758) |
联合检验 | 92.22% | 82.28% | 0.745 | -- | 0.940 (0.912~0.967) |
表4. 血清CA724、CEA、CA242、CA199联合检测对胃癌的诊断效能
图1. 血清CA724、CEA、CA242、CA199单独检测的AUC
图2. 血清CA724、CEA、CA242、CA199联合检测的AUC
诊断不及时与复发转移是导致胃癌患者不良预后的重要原因,因此对胃癌患者的早期诊断、鉴别,及时治疗是提高患者生存预后的重要手段。然而胃癌患者早期阶段临床及亚临床症状不典型,易于忽视而造成漏诊,大多数患者确诊时已进入中晚期。病理组织活检是胃癌筛查的重要方式,然而患者进行活检检测属于侵入性操作,增大了患者的痛苦,依从性较差,且费用昂贵,影响了临床应用。肿瘤标志物是在肿瘤病情进展中,肿瘤细胞发生恶性增殖,刺激释放一类生物活性物质。调查显示 [
CA724在多种恶性肿瘤中均有不同程度表达,朱攀研究显示 [
本研究对胃癌患者、胃部不适患者血清CA724、CEA、CA242、CA199进行检测,结果发现胃癌患者血清CA724、CEA、CA242、CA199均显明显高于对照组,证实了CA724、CEA、CA242、CA199均是胃癌的血清诊断指标。陈舒颖报道称 [
综上所述,胃癌患者血清CA724、CEA、CA242、CA199均显著升高,通过联合检验四种指标诊断价值更高,可以作为胃癌诊断、鉴别的有效指标。然而本研究样本量偏少,所得出的结果可能存在偏倚,尚需进一步研究证实。
宋 诗,王丽丽,潘 妮,齐卫卫,邱文生. 血清CA724、CEA、CA242、CA199联合检验对胃癌的诊断价值分析Analysis of the Diagnostic Value of Serum CA724, CEA, CA242, CA199 for Gastric Cancer[J]. 临床医学进展, 2020, 10(08): 1655-1662. https://doi.org/10.12677/ACM.2020.108248
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ejso.2014.11.045
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.talanta.2015.03.041
https://doi.org/10.3892/ol.2015.3011
https://doi.org/10.1111/1346-8138.12926
https://doi.org/10.1002/jhbp.275