以近年来国内外研究金雀花碱的报道为基础,对金雀花碱的药理作用及药代动力学研究进展进行综述。金雀花碱具有戒烟、增强心肌收缩力、兴奋呼吸、增强运动能力、改善认知功能、抗抑郁、镇痛、抗肿瘤等药理作用,是一种极具应用价值的药物,具有广阔的发展前景。 Based on the reports of studies on cytisine in China and abroad in recent years, the research progress on the pharmacological effects and pharmacokinetics of cytisine are summarized. Cytisine has the pharmacological effects on smoking cessation, enhancing myocardial contractility, sti-mulating respiration, enhancing locomotor activity, improving cognitive function, anti-depression, analgesic, anti-tumor and so on. It is a drug with great application value and broad development prospects.
References周军辉, 李静, 王答祺, 等. 披针叶黄华种子中金雀花碱的定性和定量分析[J]. 中草药, 2010, 41(7): 1184-1186.Tutka, P. and Zatoński, W. (2006) Cytisine for the Treatment of Nicotine Addiction: From a Molecule to Therapeutic Efficacy. Pharmacological Reports, 58, 777-798 and References Therein.Liu, L., Alam, M.S., Hirata, K., Matsuda, K. and Ozoe, Y. (2008) Actions of Quinolizidine Alkaloids on Periplaneta Americana Nicotinic Acetylcholine Receptors. Pest Management Science, 64, 1222-1228.
<br>https://doi.org/10.1002/ps.1622Coe, J.W. (2000) Total Synthesis of (+/-)-Cytisine via the Intramolecular Heck Cyclization of Activated N-Alkyl Glutarimides. Organic Letters, 2, 4205-4208. <br>https://doi.org/10.1021/ol006765tCoe, J.W., Rollema, H. and O’Neill, B.T. (2009) Chapter 4 Case History: Chantix™/Champix™ (Varenicline Tartrate), A Nicotinic Acetylcholine Receptor Partial Agonist as a Smoking Cessation Aid. Annual Reports in Medicinal Chemistry, 44, 71-101. <br>https://doi.org/10.1016/S0065-7743(09)04404-2Marriere, E., Rouden, J., Tadino, V. and Lasne, M.C. (2000) Synthesis of Analogues of (−)-Cytisine for In Vivo Studies of Nicotinic Receptors Using Positron Emission Tomography. Organic Letters, 2, 1121-1124.
<br>https://doi.org/10.1021/ol005685mPérez, E.G., Méndez-Gálvez, C. and Cassels, B.K. (2012) Cytisine: A Natural Product Lead for the Development of Drugs Acting at Nicotinic Acetylcholine Receptors. Natural Product Reports, 29, 555.
<br>https://doi.org/10.1039/c2np00100dSchep, L.J., Slaughter, R.J. and Beasley, D.M.G. (2009) Nicotinic Plant Poisoning. Clinical Toxicology, 47, 771-781.
<br>https://doi.org/10.1080/15563650903252186Rollema, H., Shrikhande, A., Ward, K.M., et al. (2010) Pre-Clinical Properties of the α4β2 Nicotinic Acetylcholine Receptor Partial Agonists Varenicline, Cytisine and Dianicline Translate to Clinical Efficacy for Nicotine Dependence. British Journal of Pharmacology, 160, 334-345. <br>https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1476-5381.2010.00682.xGundisch, D. (2000) Nicotinic Acetylcholine Receptors and Imaging. Current Pharmaceutical Design, 6, 1143-1157.
<br>https://doi.org/10.2174/1381612003399879Chandler, C.J. and Stolerman, I.P. (1997) Discriminative Stimulus Properties of the Nicotinic Agonist Cytisine. Psychopharmacology, 129, 257-264. <br>https://doi.org/10.1007/s002130050188Pogocki, D., Ruman, T., Danilczuk, M., et al. (2007) Application of Nicotine Enantiomers, Derivatives and Analogues in Therapy of Neuro-degenerative Disorders. European Journal of Pharmacology, 563, 18-39.
<br>https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ejphar.2007.02.038姚秀娟, 李锐松. 野靛碱对离体豚鼠乳头肌的作用[J]. 第四军医大学学报, 1986, 7(1): 39-41.王秀坤, 李家实, 闫玉凝. 槐属羽扇豆类生物碱及其药理作用研究概况[J]. 现代药物与临床, 1996(1): 9-14.Han, J., Wang, D.-S., Liu, S.-B. and Zhao, M.-G. (2016) Cytisine, a Partial Agonist of α4β2 Nicotinic Acetylcholine Re-ceptors, Reduced Unpredictable Chronic Mild Stress-Induced Depression-Like Behaviors. Biomolecules & Therapeutics, 24, 291-297. <br>https://doi.org/10.4062/biomolther.2015.113Ferger, B., Spratt, C., Teismann, P., et al. (1998) Effects of Cytisine on Hydroxyl Radicals In Vitro and MPTP-Induced Dopamine Depletion In Vivo. European Journal of Pharmacology, 360, 155-163.
<br>https://doi.org/10.1016/S0014-2999(98)00696-7Abin-Carriquiry, J.A., Costa, G., Urbanavicius, J., et al. (2008) In Vivo Modulation of Dopaminergic Nigrostriatal Pathways by Cytisine Derivatives: Implications for Parkinson’s Disease. European Journal of Pharmacology, 589, 80-84. <br>https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ejphar.2008.05.013Museo, E. and Wise, R.A. (1995) Cyti-sine-Induced Behavioral Activation: Delineation of Neuroanatomical Locus of Action. Brain Research, 670, 257-263. <br>https://doi.org/10.1016/0006-8993(94)01286-QBrioni, J.D. and Arneric, S.P. (1993) Nicotinic Receptor Agonists Facilitate Retention of Avoidance Training: Participation of Dopaminergic Mechanisms. Behavioral & Neural Biology, 59, 57-62.
<br>https://doi.org/10.1016/0163-1047(93)91159-KSloan, J.W., Martin, W.R., Bostwick, M., et al. (1988) The Comparative Binding Characteristics of Nicotinic Ligands and Their Pharmacology. Pharmacology Biochemistry & Behavior, 30, 255-267.
<br>https://doi.org/10.1016/0091-3057(88)90454-6Decker, M.W., Brioni, J.D., Bannon, A.W. and Arneric, S.P. (1995) Diver-sity of Neuronal Nicotinic Acetylcholine Receptors: Lessons from Behavior and Implications for CNS Therapeutics. Life Sciences, 56, 545-570.
<br>https://doi.org/10.1016/0024-3205(94)00488-EYu, L., Jiang, B., Chen, Z., et al. (2018) Cytisine Induces Endoplasmic Reticulum Stress Caused by Calcium Overload in HepG2 Cells. Oncology, 39, 1475-1484.黎萍, 杨敏丽. 披针叶黄华中金雀花碱类生物碱的提取工艺[J]. 华西药学杂志, 2007, 22(1): 7-8.Sariev, A.K., Zherdev, V.P., Sologova, S.S., et al. (1999) Cytisine Pharmacokinetics When Used in a Transdermal Therapeutic System in Rabbits. Eksperimental’naia i Klinicheskaia Far-makologiia, 62, 59-61. (In Russian)Reavill, C., Walther, B., Stolerman, I.P., et al. (1990) Behavioural and Pharmacokinetic Studies on Nicotine, Cytisine and Lobeline. Neuropharmacology, 29, 619-624. <br>https://doi.org/10.1016/0028-3908(90)90022-JKlöcking, H.P., Richter, M. and Damm, G. (1980) Pharmacokinetic Studies with 3H-Cytisine. Archives of Toxicology Supplement, 4, 312-314. <br>https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-67729-8_63