Clinical Experience in the Treatment of Chest Paralysis with the Addition and Subtraction of Aurantii immaturi, Allii macrostemi, and Ramuli cinnamomi Decoction by Tian Yu from the Perspective of Phlegm and Blood Stasis Theory
Chest palsy is a common cardiovascular condition, a chronic painful and ischemic condition with a high prevalence. Its main manifestations are chest pain, palpitations, and, in severe cases, dyspnea and a sense of dying. In Chinese medicine theory, chest paralysis belongs to the typical category of “chest paralysis and heart pain”, which is closely related to the stagnation of Qi and blood and paralysis of heart veins. In modern medicine, the treatment of chest paralysis, such as the use of medication, interventional therapy, etc., can alleviate the symptoms to a certain extent, but there are side effects, such as drug resistance, allergic reactions, and other kinds of complications, which make the patient during the treatment period to bear additional physical and mental stress. The unique advantages of TCM in the treatment of thoracic paralysis are gradually being emphasized. Based on the principles of the holistic concept and evidence-based treatment, TCM adopts individualized treatment plans, aiming to fundamentally regulate the functions of internal organs, dredge Qi, blood, and meridians, and then improve the symptoms of chest paralysis. In this article, a typical case is presented to illustrate the clinical experience of Ms. Tian Yu in treating chest paralysis with Aurantii immaturi, Allii macrostemi, and Ramuli cinnamomi Decoction, based on the principle of phlegm and blood stasis, which not only effectively relieved the patient’s chest pain, but also reduced the pain of the patient’s chest pain. This case not only effectively alleviated the patients’ main symptoms, such as chest pain and palpitation, but also demonstrated the significant advantages of Chinese medicine in the treatment of chest paralysis, such as holistic management and low side effects. This successful case provides new ideas and methods for the clinical treatment of chest paralysis and the treatment of phlegm and blood stasis and is expected to benefit more patients with chest paralysis.
Aurantii immaturi
包头市名中医田瑜主任医师(以下尊称“田师”),亦是包头市第二、三批老中医药学术思想继承工作的指导老师,临床经验丰富。田师在诸多病症的诊断和治疗上有着很深的造诣,像胸痹、心悸等病症,都形成了独特的辨证论治思路与方法。幸得田师青眼,列作入室弟子,朝夕侍诊,既沐春风化雨之教,亦感大医精诚之风。本文从痰瘀论治,以枳实薤白桂枝汤加减治疗胸痹为核心主题,体现田师在疾病诊治上的思维模式、用药技巧等,为胸痹的主治等提供启发。希望能够延续田师这类宝贵经验的传承与推广,为同行提供思路与借鉴,共同推动中医事业的发展进步。
胸痹是中医学经典病名,以胸部闷痛、胸痛彻背、喘息不得卧为主要特征,轻者表现为胸闷气短,重者可伴濒死感。其病机核心为“本虚标实”:本虚涉及心、脾、肾等脏腑的阴阳气血亏虚,标实则包括痰浊、血瘀、气滞、寒凝等病理产物痹阻心脉。现代医学将其对应为冠状动脉粥样硬化性心脏病(冠心病),尤其是心绞痛和心肌梗死范畴
明确冠状动脉粥样硬化斑块破裂、血小板聚集及炎症反应是胸痹(冠心病)的核心病理。近年研究发现,血管内皮功能障碍、氧化应激等在疾病进展中起关键作用,通常使用抗血小板药治疗,如替格瑞洛药物,降低心血管事件风险;以及介入治疗包括生物可吸收支架、药物球囊技术减少再狭窄率等
枳实薤白桂枝汤乃东汉张仲景所创,载于《金匮要略·胸痹心痛短气病脉证治》,专为“胸痹心中痞,留气结在胸,胁下逆抢心”之证而设
《金匮要略·胸痹心痛短气病脉证治》明确提出胸痹与“痰饮”关系密切,认为痰浊阻遏胸阳是胸痹的核心病机。张仲景创制的瓜蒌薤白半夏汤、枳实薤白桂枝汤等方剂,均以化痰通阳为法,为后世痰瘀互结理论奠定基础;明清医家进一步提出“痰瘀同源”学说,认为痰浊与瘀血可相互转化、胶结为患
李某,女,59岁,胸憋气短伴左侧肩背痛1年余。期间胸痛、心悸偶发,生气后加重,休息后及含服速效救心丸后可缓解。常咳白色黏痰不易咳出,畏寒,夜寐不佳,纳可,纳后腹胀,小便正常,大便粘。舌淡胖有齿痕,脉象滑涩。西医诊断:冠心病,不稳定型心绞痛。中医诊断:痰浊闭阻、气滞血瘀兼心脾阳虚型胸痹。治则:活血行气,化痰通痹止痛。拟方:瓜蒌20 g、薤白30 g、桂枝10 g、枳实15 g、厚朴15 g、炒白术20 g、干姜10 g、炙甘草10 g、人参10 g、石菖蒲50 g、远志10 g、郁金30 g。二诊:1个月后复诊,诸症皆缓。三诊,2周内胸痛、心悸未发,继续治疗1个月。
按语:该患者胸痛心悸胸闷症状典型,其核心病机:痰浊阻滞胸阳、气机不畅;气短乏力属心脾阳虚,推动无力;舌脉特点为舌淡胖有齿痕、苔滑涩,故为胸阳不振,痰气互结,气滞血瘀,兼心脾阳虚。以枳实薤白桂枝汤为核心构建理法框架,结合人参汤的温补中焦之效,二者形成“攻补相济、虚实同治”的动态诊疗体系,既体现了《金匮要略》“阳微阴弦”病机的立体化把握,又通过“通阳泄浊”与“培土生金”的协同机制,实现胸痹病“标实本虚”病理矛盾的精准调控
包头市中医药(蒙医药)事业发展补助资金包卫健委发[2023] 28号。
*通讯作者。